Safe Haskell | Safe-Inferred |
---|---|
Language | Haskell2010 |
BasePrelude
Description
Reexports of most of the definitions from the "base" package, which it is a common practice to import unqualified.
For details check out the source.
Synopsis
- data Either a b
- newtype AssertionFailed = AssertionFailed String
- class Typeable a => Data a where
- gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> a -> c a
- gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c a
- toConstr :: a -> Constr
- dataTypeOf :: a -> DataType
- dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c a)
- dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c a)
- gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> a -> a
- gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> a -> r
- gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> a -> r
- gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> a -> [u]
- gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> a -> u
- gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> a -> m a
- gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> a -> m a
- gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> a -> m a
- class (forall a. Functor (p a)) => Bifunctor (p :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- data Maybe a
- newtype STM a = STM (State# RealWorld -> (# State# RealWorld, a #))
- data IO a
- newtype Sum a = Sum {
- getSum :: a
- newtype Product a = Product {
- getProduct :: a
- class IsString a where
- fromString :: String -> a
- data Char
- class (Real a, Enum a) => Integral a where
- type Rational = Ratio Integer
- data Int
- type String = [Char]
- class (Alternative m, Monad m) => MonadPlus (m :: Type -> Type) where
- class Read a where
- data Natural
- class Show a where
- class Storable a where
- data Int8
- data Int16
- data Int32
- data Int64
- data Word8
- data Word16
- data Word32
- data Word64
- data StablePtr a
- data Ptr a
- newtype Last a = Last {
- getLast :: a
- newtype First a = First {
- getFirst :: a
- data MVar a
- class (Typeable e, Show e) => Exception e where
- toException :: e -> SomeException
- fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe e
- displayException :: e -> String
- data STRef s a
- data Handle
- data TextEncoding
- data ForeignPtr a
- type IOError = IOException
- class Monad m => MonadIO (m :: Type -> Type) where
- data Chan a
- data IOException = IOError {}
- newtype Compose (f :: k -> Type) (g :: k1 -> k) (a :: k1) = Compose {
- getCompose :: f (g a)
- data BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar = BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar
- class IsList l where
- class Bounded a where
- class Enum a where
- succ :: a -> a
- pred :: a -> a
- toEnum :: Int -> a
- fromEnum :: a -> Int
- enumFrom :: a -> [a]
- enumFromThen :: a -> a -> [a]
- enumFromTo :: a -> a -> [a]
- enumFromThenTo :: a -> a -> a -> [a]
- class Eq a where
- class Fractional a => Floating a where
- pi :: a
- exp :: a -> a
- log :: a -> a
- sqrt :: a -> a
- (**) :: a -> a -> a
- logBase :: a -> a -> a
- sin :: a -> a
- cos :: a -> a
- tan :: a -> a
- asin :: a -> a
- acos :: a -> a
- atan :: a -> a
- sinh :: a -> a
- cosh :: a -> a
- tanh :: a -> a
- asinh :: a -> a
- acosh :: a -> a
- atanh :: a -> a
- log1p :: a -> a
- expm1 :: a -> a
- log1pexp :: a -> a
- log1mexp :: a -> a
- class Num a => Fractional a where
- (/) :: a -> a -> a
- recip :: a -> a
- fromRational :: Rational -> a
- class Applicative m => Monad (m :: Type -> Type) where
- class Functor (f :: Type -> Type) where
- class Num a where
- class Eq a => Ord a where
- class (Num a, Ord a) => Real a where
- toRational :: a -> Rational
- class (RealFrac a, Floating a) => RealFloat a where
- floatRadix :: a -> Integer
- floatDigits :: a -> Int
- floatRange :: a -> (Int, Int)
- decodeFloat :: a -> (Integer, Int)
- encodeFloat :: Integer -> Int -> a
- exponent :: a -> Int
- significand :: a -> a
- scaleFloat :: Int -> a -> a
- isNaN :: a -> Bool
- isInfinite :: a -> Bool
- isDenormalized :: a -> Bool
- isNegativeZero :: a -> Bool
- isIEEE :: a -> Bool
- atan2 :: a -> a -> a
- class (Real a, Fractional a) => RealFrac a where
- class Ord a => Ix a where
- class Typeable (a :: k)
- class Monad m => MonadFix (m :: Type -> Type) where
- mfix :: (a -> m a) -> m a
- class Monad m => MonadFail (m :: Type -> Type) where
- class Functor f => Applicative (f :: Type -> Type) where
- class Foldable (t :: Type -> Type) where
- fold :: Monoid m => t m -> m
- foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> t a -> m
- foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> t a -> m
- foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
- foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> t a -> a
- foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> t a -> a
- null :: t a -> Bool
- length :: t a -> Int
- elem :: Eq a => a -> t a -> Bool
- maximum :: Ord a => t a -> a
- minimum :: Ord a => t a -> a
- sum :: Num a => t a -> a
- product :: Num a => t a -> a
- class (Functor t, Foldable t) => Traversable (t :: Type -> Type) where
- traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> t a -> f (t b)
- sequenceA :: Applicative f => t (f a) -> f (t a)
- mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> t a -> m (t b)
- sequence :: Monad m => t (m a) -> m (t a)
- class Generic a
- class Generic1 (f :: k -> Type)
- class Semigroup a where
- class Semigroup a => Monoid a where
- class HasField (x :: k) r a | x r -> a where
- getField :: r -> a
- data Bool
- data Double
- data Float
- data Integer
- data Ordering
- data Ratio a
- data RealWorld
- class a ~# b => (a :: k) ~ (b :: k)
- data Word
- data FunPtr a
- data Void
- data NonEmpty a = a :| [a]
- data TyCon
- newtype TypeError = TypeError String
- class a ~R# b => Coercible (a :: k) (b :: k)
- newtype Any = Any {}
- type TypeRep = SomeTypeRep
- data UnsafeEquality (a :: k) (b :: k) where
- UnsafeRefl :: forall {k} (a :: k). UnsafeEquality a a
- data SomeException = Exception e => SomeException e
- class Applicative f => Alternative (f :: Type -> Type) where
- data Version = Version {
- versionBranch :: [Int]
- versionTags :: [String]
- type ShowS = String -> String
- class Bits b => FiniteBits b where
- finiteBitSize :: b -> Int
- countLeadingZeros :: b -> Int
- countTrailingZeros :: b -> Int
- class Eq a => Bits a where
- (.&.) :: a -> a -> a
- (.|.) :: a -> a -> a
- xor :: a -> a -> a
- complement :: a -> a
- shift :: a -> Int -> a
- rotate :: a -> Int -> a
- zeroBits :: a
- bit :: Int -> a
- setBit :: a -> Int -> a
- clearBit :: a -> Int -> a
- complementBit :: a -> Int -> a
- testBit :: a -> Int -> Bool
- bitSizeMaybe :: a -> Maybe Int
- bitSize :: a -> Int
- isSigned :: a -> Bool
- shiftL :: a -> Int -> a
- unsafeShiftL :: a -> Int -> a
- shiftR :: a -> Int -> a
- unsafeShiftR :: a -> Int -> a
- rotateL :: a -> Int -> a
- rotateR :: a -> Int -> a
- popCount :: a -> Int
- data ST s a
- data GeneralCategory
- = UppercaseLetter
- | LowercaseLetter
- | TitlecaseLetter
- | ModifierLetter
- | OtherLetter
- | NonSpacingMark
- | SpacingCombiningMark
- | EnclosingMark
- | DecimalNumber
- | LetterNumber
- | OtherNumber
- | ConnectorPunctuation
- | DashPunctuation
- | OpenPunctuation
- | ClosePunctuation
- | InitialQuote
- | FinalQuote
- | OtherPunctuation
- | MathSymbol
- | CurrencySymbol
- | ModifierSymbol
- | OtherSymbol
- | Space
- | LineSeparator
- | ParagraphSeparator
- | Control
- | Format
- | Surrogate
- | PrivateUse
- | NotAssigned
- data ReadP a
- type ReadS a = String -> [(a, String)]
- data ReadPrec a
- data ThreadStatus
- data BlockReason
- data TVar a = TVar (TVar# RealWorld a)
- data ThreadId = ThreadId ThreadId#
- newtype Iff a = Iff {
- getIff :: a
- newtype Xor a = Xor {
- getXor :: a
- newtype Ior a = Ior {
- getIor :: a
- newtype And a = And {
- getAnd :: a
- newtype Down a = Down {
- getDown :: a
- data (a :: k1) :~~: (b :: k2) where
- data (a :: k) :~: (b :: k) where
- class Category (cat :: k -> k -> Type) where
- data KProxy t = KProxy
- data Proxy (t :: k) = Proxy
- newtype IntPtr = IntPtr Int
- newtype WordPtr = WordPtr Word
- data IOMode
- newtype Min a = Min {
- getMin :: a
- newtype Max a = Max {
- getMax :: a
- data Fixity
- newtype Alt (f :: k -> Type) (a :: k) = Alt {
- getAlt :: f a
- newtype All = All {}
- newtype Endo a = Endo {
- appEndo :: a -> a
- newtype Dual a = Dual {
- getDual :: a
- newtype Ap (f :: k -> Type) (a :: k) = Ap {
- getAp :: f a
- newtype Const a (b :: k) = Const {
- getConst :: a
- data ArithException
- data ErrorCall where
- data MaskingState
- type FilePath = String
- data IORef a
- type FinalizerEnvPtr env a = FunPtr (Ptr env -> Ptr a -> IO ())
- type FinalizerPtr a = FunPtr (Ptr a -> IO ())
- data SeekMode
- data NewlineMode = NewlineMode {}
- data Newline
- data BufferMode
- data Dynamic where
- data IOErrorType
- data ExitCode
- data FixIOException = FixIOException
- data ArrayException
- data AsyncException
- data SomeAsyncException = Exception e => SomeAsyncException e
- newtype CompactionFailed = CompactionFailed String
- data AllocationLimitExceeded = AllocationLimitExceeded
- data Deadlock = Deadlock
- data BlockedIndefinitelyOnSTM = BlockedIndefinitelyOnSTM
- data PrimMVar
- data NestedAtomically = NestedAtomically
- data NonTermination = NonTermination
- newtype NoMethodError = NoMethodError String
- newtype RecUpdError = RecUpdError String
- newtype RecConError = RecConError String
- newtype RecSelError = RecSelError String
- newtype PatternMatchFail = PatternMatchFail String
- data Handler a = Exception e => Handler (e -> IO a)
- type HandlerFun = ForeignPtr Word8 -> IO ()
- type Signal = CInt
- data HandlePosn
- newtype Identity a = Identity {
- runIdentity :: a
- class Arrow a => ArrowLoop (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- loop :: a (b, d) (c, d) -> a b c
- newtype ArrowMonad (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) b = ArrowMonad (a () b)
- class Arrow a => ArrowApply (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- app :: a (a b c, b) c
- class Arrow a => ArrowChoice (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- class ArrowZero a => ArrowPlus (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- (<+>) :: a b c -> a b c -> a b c
- class Arrow a => ArrowZero (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- zeroArrow :: a b c
- newtype Kleisli (m :: Type -> Type) a b = Kleisli {
- runKleisli :: a -> m b
- class Category a => Arrow (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- newtype ZipList a = ZipList {
- getZipList :: [a]
- newtype WrappedArrow (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) b c = WrapArrow {
- unwrapArrow :: a b c
- newtype WrappedMonad (m :: Type -> Type) a = WrapMonad {
- unwrapMonad :: m a
- data StableName a
- class IsLabel (x :: Symbol) a where
- fromLabel :: a
- type family Item l
- data Unique
- data QSemN
- data QSem
- data Timeout
- type ConIndex = Int
- data ConstrRep
- data DataRep
- data Constr
- data DataType
- newtype WrappedMonoid m = WrapMonoid {
- unwrapMonoid :: m
- type ArgMax a b = Max (Arg a b)
- type ArgMin a b = Min (Arg a b)
- data Arg a b = Arg a b
- type Pico = Fixed E12
- data E12
- type Nano = Fixed E9
- data E9
- type Micro = Fixed E6
- data E6
- type Milli = Fixed E3
- data E3
- type Centi = Fixed E2
- data E2
- type Deci = Fixed E1
- data E1
- type Uni = Fixed E0
- data E0
- class HasResolution (a :: k) where
- resolution :: p a -> Integer
- newtype Fixed (a :: k) = MkFixed Integer
- data Complex a = !a :+ !a
- class (forall a. Show a => Show1 (f a)) => Show2 (f :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- class (forall a. Read a => Read1 (f a)) => Read2 (f :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- liftReadsPrec2 :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> (Int -> ReadS b) -> ReadS [b] -> Int -> ReadS (f a b)
- liftReadList2 :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> (Int -> ReadS b) -> ReadS [b] -> ReadS [f a b]
- liftReadPrec2 :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec b -> ReadPrec [b] -> ReadPrec (f a b)
- liftReadListPrec2 :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec b -> ReadPrec [b] -> ReadPrec [f a b]
- class (Eq2 f, forall a. Ord a => Ord1 (f a)) => Ord2 (f :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- liftCompare2 :: (a -> b -> Ordering) -> (c -> d -> Ordering) -> f a c -> f b d -> Ordering
- class (forall a. Eq a => Eq1 (f a)) => Eq2 (f :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- class (forall a. Show a => Show (f a)) => Show1 (f :: Type -> Type) where
- class (forall a. Read a => Read (f a)) => Read1 (f :: Type -> Type) where
- liftReadsPrec :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> Int -> ReadS (f a)
- liftReadList :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> ReadS [f a]
- liftReadPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec (f a)
- liftReadListPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec [f a]
- class (Eq1 f, forall a. Ord a => Ord (f a)) => Ord1 (f :: Type -> Type) where
- liftCompare :: (a -> b -> Ordering) -> f a -> f b -> Ordering
- class (forall a. Eq a => Eq (f a)) => Eq1 (f :: Type -> Type) where
- newtype Op a b = Op {
- getOp :: b -> a
- newtype Equivalence a = Equivalence {
- getEquivalence :: a -> a -> Bool
- newtype Comparison a = Comparison {
- getComparison :: a -> a -> Ordering
- newtype Predicate a = Predicate {
- getPredicate :: a -> Bool
- class Contravariant (f :: Type -> Type) where
- pattern Solo :: a -> (a)
- error :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). HasCallStack => [Char] -> a
- throw :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r) e. Exception e => e -> a
- zipWith :: (a -> b -> c) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c]
- even :: Integral a => a -> Bool
- atomically :: STM a -> IO a
- (<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
- stimesIdempotent :: Integral b => b -> a -> a
- stimesIdempotentMonoid :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a
- bracket :: IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> (a -> IO c) -> IO c
- hGetContents :: Handle -> IO String
- ($) :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) a (b :: TYPE r). (a -> b) -> a -> b
- sortBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [a] -> [a]
- fst :: (a, b) -> a
- bool :: a -> a -> Bool -> a
- readMaybe :: Read a => String -> Maybe a
- genericLength :: Num i => [a] -> i
- maximumBy :: Foldable t => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> t a -> a
- minimumBy :: Foldable t => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> t a -> a
- genericReplicate :: Integral i => i -> a -> [a]
- genericTake :: Integral i => i -> [a] -> [a]
- genericDrop :: Integral i => i -> [a] -> [a]
- genericSplitAt :: Integral i => i -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- genericIndex :: Integral i => [a] -> i -> a
- stToIO :: ST RealWorld a -> IO a
- isLetter :: Char -> Bool
- uncurry :: (a -> b -> c) -> (a, b) -> c
- freeHaskellFunPtr :: FunPtr a -> IO ()
- openFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> IO Handle
- isAlpha :: Char -> Bool
- coerce :: forall {k :: RuntimeRep} (a :: TYPE k) (b :: TYPE k). Coercible a b => a -> b
- nullPtr :: Ptr a
- ord :: Char -> Int
- chr :: Int -> Char
- head :: HasCallStack => [a] -> a
- group :: Eq a => [a] -> [[a]]
- groupBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]
- for :: (Traversable t, Applicative f) => t a -> (a -> f b) -> f (t b)
- forM :: (Traversable t, Monad m) => t a -> (a -> m b) -> m (t b)
- throwTo :: Exception e => ThreadId -> e -> IO ()
- forkIOWithUnmask :: ((forall a. IO a -> IO a) -> IO ()) -> IO ThreadId
- forkIO :: IO () -> IO ThreadId
- atomicWriteIORef :: IORef a -> a -> IO ()
- atomicModifyIORef :: IORef a -> (a -> (a, b)) -> IO b
- newForeignPtr :: FinalizerPtr a -> Ptr a -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
- stdout :: Handle
- stdin :: Handle
- stderr :: Handle
- forever :: Applicative f => f a -> f b
- withForeignPtr :: ForeignPtr a -> (Ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b
- utf8 :: TextEncoding
- mkTextEncoding :: String -> IO TextEncoding
- hSeek :: Handle -> SeekMode -> Integer -> IO ()
- hFlush :: Handle -> IO ()
- hLookAhead :: Handle -> IO Char
- fixIO :: (a -> IO a) -> IO a
- killThread :: ThreadId -> IO ()
- setAllocationCounter :: Int64 -> IO ()
- enableAllocationLimit :: IO ()
- touchForeignPtr :: ForeignPtr a -> IO ()
- addForeignPtrFinalizer :: FinalizerPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> IO ()
- threadDelay :: Int -> IO ()
- forkOS :: IO () -> IO ThreadId
- mask :: ((forall a. IO a -> IO a) -> IO b) -> IO b
- throwIO :: Exception e => e -> IO a
- unsafePerformIO :: IO a -> a
- try :: Exception e => IO a -> IO (Either e a)
- catch :: Exception e => IO a -> (e -> IO a) -> IO a
- readFile' :: FilePath -> IO String
- writeFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO ()
- getLine :: IO String
- putStrLn :: String -> IO ()
- isDoesNotExistError :: IOError -> Bool
- getArgs :: IO [String]
- hSetNewlineMode :: Handle -> NewlineMode -> IO ()
- hClose :: Handle -> IO ()
- isAlreadyInUseError :: IOError -> Bool
- isPermissionError :: IOError -> Bool
- hSetBinaryMode :: Handle -> Bool -> IO ()
- isFullError :: IOError -> Bool
- isEOFError :: IOError -> Bool
- localeEncoding :: TextEncoding
- isIllegalOperation :: IOError -> Bool
- liftM :: Monad m => (a1 -> r) -> m a1 -> m r
- filter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- forkFinally :: IO a -> (Either SomeException a -> IO ()) -> IO ThreadId
- getEnv :: String -> IO String
- setEnv :: String -> String -> IO ()
- lookupEnv :: String -> IO (Maybe String)
- unsetEnv :: String -> IO ()
- unfoldr :: (b -> Maybe (a, b)) -> b -> [a]
- transpose :: [[a]] -> [[a]]
- exitWith :: ExitCode -> IO a
- hGetBuf :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO Int
- hPutBuf :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO ()
- hWaitForInput :: Handle -> Int -> IO Bool
- sortOn :: Ord b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [a]
- cycle :: HasCallStack => [a] -> [a]
- (++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- seq :: forall {r :: RuntimeRep} a (b :: TYPE r). a -> b -> b
- concat :: Foldable t => t [a] -> [a]
- zip :: [a] -> [b] -> [(a, b)]
- newStablePtr :: a -> IO (StablePtr a)
- print :: Show a => a -> IO ()
- otherwise :: Bool
- assert :: Bool -> a -> a
- lazy :: a -> a
- assertError :: (?callStack :: CallStack) => Bool -> a -> a
- trace :: String -> a -> a
- inline :: a -> a
- map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
- (>>>) :: forall {k} cat (a :: k) (b :: k) (c :: k). Category cat => cat a b -> cat b c -> cat a c
- fromIntegral :: (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
- realToFrac :: (Real a, Fractional b) => a -> b
- guard :: Alternative f => Bool -> f ()
- toDyn :: Typeable a => a -> Dynamic
- unsafeEqualityProof :: forall {k} (a :: k) (b :: k). UnsafeEquality a b
- unsafeCoerce# :: forall (q :: RuntimeRep) (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE q) (b :: TYPE r). a -> b
- join :: Monad m => m (m a) -> m a
- (^) :: (Num a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
- (&&) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool
- (||) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool
- not :: Bool -> Bool
- minusNaturalMaybe :: Natural -> Natural -> Maybe Natural
- errorWithoutStackTrace :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). [Char] -> a
- undefined :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). HasCallStack => a
- absurd :: Void -> a
- vacuous :: Functor f => f Void -> f a
- (<**>) :: Applicative f => f a -> f (a -> b) -> f b
- liftA :: Applicative f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
- liftA3 :: Applicative f => (a -> b -> c -> d) -> f a -> f b -> f c -> f d
- (=<<) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> m a -> m b
- when :: Applicative f => Bool -> f () -> f ()
- liftM2 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m r
- liftM3 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> a3 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m a3 -> m r
- liftM4 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> a3 -> a4 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m a3 -> m a4 -> m r
- liftM5 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> a3 -> a4 -> a5 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m a3 -> m a4 -> m a5 -> m r
- ap :: Monad m => m (a -> b) -> m a -> m b
- const :: a -> b -> a
- flip :: (a -> b -> c) -> b -> a -> c
- ($!) :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) a (b :: TYPE r). (a -> b) -> a -> b
- until :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> a) -> a -> a
- asTypeOf :: a -> a -> a
- makeVersion :: [Int] -> Version
- subtract :: Num a => a -> a -> a
- maybe :: b -> (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> b
- isJust :: Maybe a -> Bool
- isNothing :: Maybe a -> Bool
- fromJust :: HasCallStack => Maybe a -> a
- fromMaybe :: a -> Maybe a -> a
- maybeToList :: Maybe a -> [a]
- listToMaybe :: [a] -> Maybe a
- catMaybes :: [Maybe a] -> [a]
- mapMaybe :: (a -> Maybe b) -> [a] -> [b]
- uncons :: [a] -> Maybe (a, [a])
- tail :: HasCallStack => [a] -> [a]
- last :: HasCallStack => [a] -> a
- init :: HasCallStack => [a] -> [a]
- foldl1' :: HasCallStack => (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> a
- scanl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> [a] -> [b]
- scanl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> [a]
- scanl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> [a] -> [b]
- scanr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> [b]
- scanr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> [a]
- iterate :: (a -> a) -> a -> [a]
- iterate' :: (a -> a) -> a -> [a]
- repeat :: a -> [a]
- replicate :: Int -> a -> [a]
- takeWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- dropWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- take :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
- drop :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
- splitAt :: Int -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- span :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- break :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- reverse :: [a] -> [a]
- and :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool
- or :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool
- any :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool
- all :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool
- notElem :: (Foldable t, Eq a) => a -> t a -> Bool
- lookup :: Eq a => a -> [(a, b)] -> Maybe b
- concatMap :: Foldable t => (a -> [b]) -> t a -> [b]
- (!!) :: HasCallStack => [a] -> Int -> a
- zip3 :: [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [(a, b, c)]
- zipWith3 :: (a -> b -> c -> d) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d]
- unzip :: [(a, b)] -> ([a], [b])
- unzip3 :: [(a, b, c)] -> ([a], [b], [c])
- shows :: Show a => a -> ShowS
- showChar :: Char -> ShowS
- showString :: String -> ShowS
- showParen :: Bool -> ShowS -> ShowS
- showLitChar :: Char -> ShowS
- intToDigit :: Int -> Char
- (%) :: Integral a => a -> a -> Ratio a
- numerator :: Ratio a -> a
- denominator :: Ratio a -> a
- showSigned :: Real a => (a -> ShowS) -> Int -> a -> ShowS
- odd :: Integral a => a -> Bool
- (^^) :: (Fractional a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
- gcd :: Integral a => a -> a -> a
- lcm :: Integral a => a -> a -> a
- bitDefault :: (Bits a, Num a) => Int -> a
- testBitDefault :: (Bits a, Num a) => a -> Int -> Bool
- popCountDefault :: (Bits a, Num a) => a -> Int
- toIntegralSized :: (Integral a, Integral b, Bits a, Bits b) => a -> Maybe b
- byteSwap16 :: Word16 -> Word16
- byteSwap32 :: Word32 -> Word32
- byteSwap64 :: Word64 -> Word64
- bitReverse8 :: Word8 -> Word8
- bitReverse16 :: Word16 -> Word16
- bitReverse32 :: Word32 -> Word32
- bitReverse64 :: Word64 -> Word64
- runST :: (forall s. ST s a) -> a
- unsafeCoerce :: a -> b
- unsafeCoerceUnlifted :: forall (a :: UnliftedType) (b :: UnliftedType). a -> b
- unsafeCoerceAddr :: forall (a :: TYPE 'AddrRep) (b :: TYPE 'AddrRep). a -> b
- showFloat :: RealFloat a => a -> ShowS
- floatToDigits :: RealFloat a => Integer -> a -> ([Int], Int)
- fromRat :: RealFloat a => Rational -> a
- clamp :: Ord a => (a, a) -> a -> a
- newSTRef :: a -> ST s (STRef s a)
- readSTRef :: STRef s a -> ST s a
- writeSTRef :: STRef s a -> a -> ST s ()
- unsafeDupablePerformIO :: IO a -> a
- unsafeInterleaveIO :: IO a -> IO a
- snd :: (a, b) -> b
- curry :: ((a, b) -> c) -> a -> b -> c
- swap :: (a, b) -> (b, a)
- newEmptyMVar :: IO (MVar a)
- newMVar :: a -> IO (MVar a)
- takeMVar :: MVar a -> IO a
- readMVar :: MVar a -> IO a
- putMVar :: MVar a -> a -> IO ()
- tryTakeMVar :: MVar a -> IO (Maybe a)
- tryPutMVar :: MVar a -> a -> IO Bool
- tryReadMVar :: MVar a -> IO (Maybe a)
- isEmptyMVar :: MVar a -> IO Bool
- addMVarFinalizer :: MVar a -> IO () -> IO ()
- (<&>) :: Functor f => f a -> (a -> b) -> f b
- ($>) :: Functor f => f a -> b -> f b
- void :: Functor f => f a -> f ()
- fix :: (a -> a) -> a
- on :: (b -> b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> a -> c
- (&) :: a -> (a -> b) -> b
- applyWhen :: Bool -> (a -> a) -> a -> a
- generalCategory :: Char -> GeneralCategory
- isAscii :: Char -> Bool
- isLatin1 :: Char -> Bool
- isAsciiLower :: Char -> Bool
- isAsciiUpper :: Char -> Bool
- isControl :: Char -> Bool
- isPrint :: Char -> Bool
- isSpace :: Char -> Bool
- isUpper :: Char -> Bool
- isUpperCase :: Char -> Bool
- isLower :: Char -> Bool
- isLowerCase :: Char -> Bool
- isAlphaNum :: Char -> Bool
- isDigit :: Char -> Bool
- isOctDigit :: Char -> Bool
- isHexDigit :: Char -> Bool
- isPunctuation :: Char -> Bool
- isSymbol :: Char -> Bool
- toUpper :: Char -> Char
- toLower :: Char -> Char
- toTitle :: Char -> Char
- optional :: Alternative f => f a -> f (Maybe a)
- readP_to_S :: ReadP a -> ReadS a
- readS_to_P :: ReadS a -> ReadP a
- lex :: ReadS String
- readPrec_to_P :: ReadPrec a -> Int -> ReadP a
- readP_to_Prec :: (Int -> ReadP a) -> ReadPrec a
- readPrec_to_S :: ReadPrec a -> Int -> ReadS a
- readS_to_Prec :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadPrec a
- readParen :: Bool -> ReadS a -> ReadS a
- lexLitChar :: ReadS String
- readLitChar :: ReadS Char
- lexDigits :: ReadS String
- readInt :: Num a => a -> (Char -> Bool) -> (Char -> Int) -> ReadS a
- readBin :: (Eq a, Num a) => ReadS a
- readOct :: (Eq a, Num a) => ReadS a
- readDec :: (Eq a, Num a) => ReadS a
- readHex :: (Eq a, Num a) => ReadS a
- readFloat :: RealFrac a => ReadS a
- readSigned :: Real a => ReadS a -> ReadS a
- showInt :: Integral a => a -> ShowS
- showEFloat :: RealFloat a => Maybe Int -> a -> ShowS
- showFFloat :: RealFloat a => Maybe Int -> a -> ShowS
- showGFloat :: RealFloat a => Maybe Int -> a -> ShowS
- showFFloatAlt :: RealFloat a => Maybe Int -> a -> ShowS
- showGFloatAlt :: RealFloat a => Maybe Int -> a -> ShowS
- showHFloat :: RealFloat a => a -> ShowS
- showIntAtBase :: Integral a => a -> (Int -> Char) -> a -> ShowS
- showHex :: Integral a => a -> ShowS
- showOct :: Integral a => a -> ShowS
- showBin :: Integral a => a -> ShowS
- castPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr b
- plusPtr :: Ptr a -> Int -> Ptr b
- alignPtr :: Ptr a -> Int -> Ptr a
- minusPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr b -> Int
- nullFunPtr :: FunPtr a
- castFunPtr :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr b
- castFunPtrToPtr :: FunPtr a -> Ptr b
- castPtrToFunPtr :: Ptr a -> FunPtr b
- threadStatus :: ThreadId -> IO ThreadStatus
- myThreadId :: IO ThreadId
- freeStablePtr :: StablePtr a -> IO ()
- deRefStablePtr :: StablePtr a -> IO a
- castStablePtrToPtr :: StablePtr a -> Ptr ()
- castPtrToStablePtr :: Ptr () -> StablePtr a
- either :: (a -> c) -> (b -> c) -> Either a b -> c
- lefts :: [Either a b] -> [a]
- rights :: [Either a b] -> [b]
- partitionEithers :: [Either a b] -> ([a], [b])
- isLeft :: Either a b -> Bool
- isRight :: Either a b -> Bool
- fromLeft :: a -> Either a b -> a
- fromRight :: b -> Either a b -> b
- reads :: Read a => ReadS a
- readEither :: Read a => String -> Either String a
- read :: Read a => String -> a
- oneBits :: FiniteBits a => a
- (.^.) :: Bits a => a -> a -> a
- (.>>.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a
- (.<<.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a
- (!>>.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a
- (!<<.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a
- comparing :: Ord a => (b -> a) -> b -> b -> Ordering
- (<<<) :: forall {k} cat (b :: k) (c :: k) (a :: k). Category cat => cat b c -> cat a b -> cat a c
- asProxyTypeOf :: a -> proxy a -> a
- ptrToWordPtr :: Ptr a -> WordPtr
- wordPtrToPtr :: WordPtr -> Ptr a
- ptrToIntPtr :: Ptr a -> IntPtr
- intPtrToPtr :: IntPtr -> Ptr a
- digitToInt :: Char -> Int
- isMark :: Char -> Bool
- isNumber :: Char -> Bool
- isSeparator :: Char -> Bool
- stimesMonoid :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a
- foldrM :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (a -> b -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m b
- foldlM :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (b -> a -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m b
- traverse_ :: (Foldable t, Applicative f) => (a -> f b) -> t a -> f ()
- for_ :: (Foldable t, Applicative f) => t a -> (a -> f b) -> f ()
- mapM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (a -> m b) -> t a -> m ()
- forM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => t a -> (a -> m b) -> m ()
- sequenceA_ :: (Foldable t, Applicative f) => t (f a) -> f ()
- sequence_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => t (m a) -> m ()
- asum :: (Foldable t, Alternative f) => t (f a) -> f a
- msum :: (Foldable t, MonadPlus m) => t (m a) -> m a
- find :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Maybe a
- tyConPackage :: TyCon -> String
- tyConModule :: TyCon -> String
- tyConName :: TyCon -> String
- tyConFingerprint :: TyCon -> Fingerprint
- rnfTyCon :: TyCon -> ()
- typeRepFingerprint :: TypeRep -> Fingerprint
- trLiftedRep :: TypeRep LiftedRep
- typeRepTyCon :: TypeRep -> TyCon
- typeRep :: forall {k} proxy (a :: k). Typeable a => proxy a -> TypeRep
- typeOf :: Typeable a => a -> TypeRep
- rnfTypeRep :: TypeRep -> ()
- showsTypeRep :: TypeRep -> ShowS
- cast :: (Typeable a, Typeable b) => a -> Maybe b
- eqT :: forall {k} (a :: k) (b :: k). (Typeable a, Typeable b) => Maybe (a :~: b)
- heqT :: forall {k1} {k2} (a :: k1) (b :: k2). (Typeable a, Typeable b) => Maybe (a :~~: b)
- gcast :: forall {k} (a :: k) (b :: k) c. (Typeable a, Typeable b) => c a -> Maybe (c b)
- gcast1 :: forall {k1} {k2} c (t :: k2 -> k1) (t' :: k2 -> k1) (a :: k2). (Typeable t, Typeable t') => c (t a) -> Maybe (c (t' a))
- gcast2 :: forall {k1} {k2} {k3} c (t :: k2 -> k3 -> k1) (t' :: k2 -> k3 -> k1) (a :: k2) (b :: k3). (Typeable t, Typeable t') => c (t a b) -> Maybe (c (t' a b))
- funResultTy :: TypeRep -> TypeRep -> Maybe TypeRep
- mkFunTy :: TypeRep -> TypeRep -> TypeRep
- splitTyConApp :: TypeRep -> (TyCon, [TypeRep])
- typeRepArgs :: TypeRep -> [TypeRep]
- typeOf1 :: Typeable t => t a -> TypeRep
- typeOf2 :: Typeable t => t a b -> TypeRep
- typeOf3 :: Typeable t => t a b c -> TypeRep
- typeOf4 :: Typeable t => t a b c d -> TypeRep
- typeOf5 :: Typeable t => t a b c d e -> TypeRep
- typeOf6 :: Typeable t => t a b c d e f -> TypeRep
- typeOf7 :: Typeable t => t a b c d e f g -> TypeRep
- dropWhileEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- stripPrefix :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Maybe [a]
- elemIndex :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> Maybe Int
- elemIndices :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> [Int]
- findIndex :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> Maybe Int
- findIndices :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [Int]
- isPrefixOf :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Bool
- isSuffixOf :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Bool
- isInfixOf :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Bool
- nub :: Eq a => [a] -> [a]
- nubBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- delete :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> [a]
- deleteBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> a -> [a] -> [a]
- (\\) :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- union :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- unionBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- intersect :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- intersectBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- intersperse :: a -> [a] -> [a]
- intercalate :: [a] -> [[a]] -> [a]
- partition :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- mapAccumL :: Traversable t => (s -> a -> (s, b)) -> s -> t a -> (s, t b)
- mapAccumR :: Traversable t => (s -> a -> (s, b)) -> s -> t a -> (s, t b)
- insert :: Ord a => a -> [a] -> [a]
- insertBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> a -> [a] -> [a]
- zip4 :: [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [(a, b, c, d)]
- zip5 :: [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [e] -> [(a, b, c, d, e)]
- zip6 :: [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [e] -> [f] -> [(a, b, c, d, e, f)]
- zip7 :: [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [e] -> [f] -> [g] -> [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g)]
- zipWith4 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [e]
- zipWith5 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [e] -> [f]
- zipWith6 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [e] -> [f] -> [g]
- zipWith7 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g -> h) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] -> [e] -> [f] -> [g] -> [h]
- unzip4 :: [(a, b, c, d)] -> ([a], [b], [c], [d])
- unzip5 :: [(a, b, c, d, e)] -> ([a], [b], [c], [d], [e])
- unzip6 :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f)] -> ([a], [b], [c], [d], [e], [f])
- unzip7 :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g)] -> ([a], [b], [c], [d], [e], [f], [g])
- deleteFirstsBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- inits :: [a] -> [[a]]
- tails :: [a] -> [[a]]
- subsequences :: [a] -> [[a]]
- permutations :: [a] -> [[a]]
- sort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
- singleton :: a -> [a]
- lines :: String -> [String]
- unlines :: [String] -> String
- words :: String -> [String]
- unwords :: [String] -> String
- unsupportedOperation :: IOError
- userError :: String -> IOError
- interruptible :: IO a -> IO a
- getMaskingState :: IO MaskingState
- onException :: IO a -> IO b -> IO a
- mask_ :: IO a -> IO a
- uninterruptibleMask_ :: IO a -> IO a
- uninterruptibleMask :: ((forall a. IO a -> IO a) -> IO b) -> IO b
- finally :: IO a -> IO b -> IO a
- evaluate :: a -> IO a
- newIORef :: a -> IO (IORef a)
- readIORef :: IORef a -> IO a
- writeIORef :: IORef a -> a -> IO ()
- atomicModifyIORef' :: IORef a -> (a -> (a, b)) -> IO b
- mallocForeignPtr :: Storable a => IO (ForeignPtr a)
- mallocForeignPtrBytes :: Int -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
- addForeignPtrFinalizerEnv :: FinalizerEnvPtr env a -> Ptr env -> ForeignPtr a -> IO ()
- newForeignPtr_ :: Ptr a -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
- castForeignPtr :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr b
- plusForeignPtr :: ForeignPtr a -> Int -> ForeignPtr b
- finalizeForeignPtr :: ForeignPtr a -> IO ()
- newForeignPtrEnv :: FinalizerEnvPtr env a -> Ptr env -> Ptr a -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
- mallocForeignPtrArray :: Storable a => Int -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
- mallocForeignPtrArray0 :: Storable a => Int -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
- nativeNewline :: Newline
- universalNewlineMode :: NewlineMode
- nativeNewlineMode :: NewlineMode
- noNewlineTranslation :: NewlineMode
- mkWeakIORef :: IORef a -> IO () -> IO (Weak (IORef a))
- modifyIORef :: IORef a -> (a -> a) -> IO ()
- modifyIORef' :: IORef a -> (a -> a) -> IO ()
- fromDyn :: Typeable a => Dynamic -> a -> a
- fromDynamic :: Typeable a => Dynamic -> Maybe a
- dynApply :: Dynamic -> Dynamic -> Maybe Dynamic
- dynApp :: Dynamic -> Dynamic -> Dynamic
- dynTypeRep :: Dynamic -> SomeTypeRep
- blockedIndefinitelyOnMVar :: SomeException
- blockedIndefinitelyOnSTM :: SomeException
- allocationLimitExceeded :: SomeException
- cannotCompactFunction :: SomeException
- cannotCompactPinned :: SomeException
- cannotCompactMutable :: SomeException
- asyncExceptionToException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException
- asyncExceptionFromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e
- stackOverflow :: SomeException
- heapOverflow :: SomeException
- ioException :: IOException -> IO a
- ioError :: IOError -> IO a
- untangle :: Addr# -> String -> String
- reportHeapOverflow :: IO ()
- getAllocationCounter :: IO Int64
- disableAllocationLimit :: IO ()
- forkOn :: Int -> IO () -> IO ThreadId
- forkOnWithUnmask :: Int -> ((forall a. IO a -> IO a) -> IO ()) -> IO ThreadId
- numCapabilities :: Int
- getNumCapabilities :: IO Int
- setNumCapabilities :: Int -> IO ()
- getNumProcessors :: IO Int
- numSparks :: IO Int
- childHandler :: SomeException -> IO ()
- yield :: IO ()
- labelThread :: ThreadId -> String -> IO ()
- pseq :: a -> b -> b
- par :: a -> b -> b
- runSparks :: IO ()
- listThreads :: IO [ThreadId]
- threadCapability :: ThreadId -> IO (Int, Bool)
- mkWeakThreadId :: ThreadId -> IO (Weak ThreadId)
- newStablePtrPrimMVar :: MVar a -> IO (StablePtr PrimMVar)
- unsafeIOToSTM :: IO a -> STM a
- retry :: STM a
- throwSTM :: Exception e => e -> STM a
- catchSTM :: Exception e => STM a -> (e -> STM a) -> STM a
- newTVar :: a -> STM (TVar a)
- newTVarIO :: a -> IO (TVar a)
- readTVarIO :: TVar a -> IO a
- readTVar :: TVar a -> STM a
- writeTVar :: TVar a -> a -> STM ()
- withMVar :: MVar a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b
- modifyMVar_ :: MVar a -> (a -> IO a) -> IO ()
- reportStackOverflow :: IO ()
- reportError :: SomeException -> IO ()
- setUncaughtExceptionHandler :: (SomeException -> IO ()) -> IO ()
- getUncaughtExceptionHandler :: IO (SomeException -> IO ())
- catchJust :: Exception e => (e -> Maybe b) -> IO a -> (b -> IO a) -> IO a
- handle :: Exception e => (e -> IO a) -> IO a -> IO a
- handleJust :: Exception e => (e -> Maybe b) -> (b -> IO a) -> IO a -> IO a
- mapException :: (Exception e1, Exception e2) => (e1 -> e2) -> a -> a
- tryJust :: Exception e => (e -> Maybe b) -> IO a -> IO (Either b a)
- bracket_ :: IO a -> IO b -> IO c -> IO c
- bracketOnError :: IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> (a -> IO c) -> IO c
- catches :: IO a -> [Handler a] -> IO a
- allowInterrupt :: IO ()
- unsafeFixIO :: (a -> IO a) -> IO a
- swapMVar :: MVar a -> a -> IO a
- withMVarMasked :: MVar a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b
- modifyMVar :: MVar a -> (a -> IO (a, b)) -> IO b
- modifyMVarMasked_ :: MVar a -> (a -> IO a) -> IO ()
- modifyMVarMasked :: MVar a -> (a -> IO (a, b)) -> IO b
- mkWeakMVar :: MVar a -> IO () -> IO (Weak (MVar a))
- fixST :: (a -> ST s a) -> ST s a
- setHandler :: Signal -> Maybe (HandlerFun, Dynamic) -> IO (Maybe (HandlerFun, Dynamic))
- runHandlers :: ForeignPtr Word8 -> Signal -> IO ()
- tryIOError :: IO a -> IO (Either IOError a)
- mkIOError :: IOErrorType -> String -> Maybe Handle -> Maybe FilePath -> IOError
- isAlreadyExistsError :: IOError -> Bool
- isUserError :: IOError -> Bool
- isResourceVanishedError :: IOError -> Bool
- alreadyExistsErrorType :: IOErrorType
- doesNotExistErrorType :: IOErrorType
- alreadyInUseErrorType :: IOErrorType
- fullErrorType :: IOErrorType
- eofErrorType :: IOErrorType
- illegalOperationErrorType :: IOErrorType
- permissionErrorType :: IOErrorType
- userErrorType :: IOErrorType
- resourceVanishedErrorType :: IOErrorType
- isAlreadyExistsErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isDoesNotExistErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isAlreadyInUseErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isFullErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isEOFErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isIllegalOperationErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isPermissionErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isUserErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- isResourceVanishedErrorType :: IOErrorType -> Bool
- ioeGetErrorType :: IOError -> IOErrorType
- ioeGetErrorString :: IOError -> String
- ioeGetLocation :: IOError -> String
- ioeGetHandle :: IOError -> Maybe Handle
- ioeGetFileName :: IOError -> Maybe FilePath
- ioeSetErrorType :: IOError -> IOErrorType -> IOError
- ioeSetErrorString :: IOError -> String -> IOError
- ioeSetLocation :: IOError -> String -> IOError
- ioeSetHandle :: IOError -> Handle -> IOError
- ioeSetFileName :: IOError -> FilePath -> IOError
- modifyIOError :: (IOError -> IOError) -> IO a -> IO a
- annotateIOError :: IOError -> String -> Maybe Handle -> Maybe FilePath -> IOError
- catchIOError :: IO a -> (IOError -> IO a) -> IO a
- utf8_bom :: TextEncoding
- utf32 :: TextEncoding
- utf32be :: TextEncoding
- utf32le :: TextEncoding
- utf16 :: TextEncoding
- utf16be :: TextEncoding
- utf16le :: TextEncoding
- latin1 :: TextEncoding
- char8 :: TextEncoding
- traceIO :: String -> IO ()
- hGetChar :: Handle -> IO Char
- hGetLine :: Handle -> IO String
- hGetContents' :: Handle -> IO String
- hPutChar :: Handle -> Char -> IO ()
- hPutStr :: Handle -> String -> IO ()
- hPutStrLn :: Handle -> String -> IO ()
- hPutBufNonBlocking :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO Int
- hGetBufSome :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO Int
- hGetBufNonBlocking :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO Int
- ensureIOManagerIsRunning :: IO ()
- ioManagerCapabilitiesChanged :: IO ()
- threadWaitRead :: Fd -> IO ()
- threadWaitWrite :: Fd -> IO ()
- threadWaitReadSTM :: Fd -> IO (STM (), IO ())
- threadWaitWriteSTM :: Fd -> IO (STM (), IO ())
- closeFdWith :: (Fd -> IO ()) -> Fd -> IO ()
- registerDelay :: Int -> IO (TVar Bool)
- withFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> (Handle -> IO r) -> IO r
- openBinaryFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> IO Handle
- withBinaryFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> (Handle -> IO r) -> IO r
- hFileSize :: Handle -> IO Integer
- hSetFileSize :: Handle -> Integer -> IO ()
- hIsEOF :: Handle -> IO Bool
- isEOF :: IO Bool
- hSetBuffering :: Handle -> BufferMode -> IO ()
- hSetEncoding :: Handle -> TextEncoding -> IO ()
- hGetEncoding :: Handle -> IO (Maybe TextEncoding)
- hGetPosn :: Handle -> IO HandlePosn
- hSetPosn :: HandlePosn -> IO ()
- hTell :: Handle -> IO Integer
- hIsOpen :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hIsClosed :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hIsReadable :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hIsWritable :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hGetBuffering :: Handle -> IO BufferMode
- hIsSeekable :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hSetEcho :: Handle -> Bool -> IO ()
- hGetEcho :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hIsTerminalDevice :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hShow :: Handle -> IO String
- putChar :: Char -> IO ()
- putStr :: String -> IO ()
- getChar :: IO Char
- getContents :: IO String
- getContents' :: IO String
- interact :: (String -> String) -> IO ()
- readFile :: FilePath -> IO String
- appendFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO ()
- readLn :: Read a => IO a
- readIO :: Read a => String -> IO a
- hReady :: Handle -> IO Bool
- hPrint :: Show a => Handle -> a -> IO ()
- openTempFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO (FilePath, Handle)
- openBinaryTempFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO (FilePath, Handle)
- openTempFileWithDefaultPermissions :: FilePath -> String -> IO (FilePath, Handle)
- openBinaryTempFileWithDefaultPermissions :: FilePath -> String -> IO (FilePath, Handle)
- returnA :: Arrow a => a b b
- (^>>) :: Arrow a => (b -> c) -> a c d -> a b d
- (>>^) :: Arrow a => a b c -> (c -> d) -> a b d
- (<<^) :: Arrow a => a c d -> (b -> c) -> a b d
- (^<<) :: Arrow a => (c -> d) -> a b c -> a b d
- leftApp :: ArrowApply a => a b c -> a (Either b d) (Either c d)
- mapAccumM :: (Monad m, Traversable t) => (s -> a -> m (s, b)) -> s -> t a -> m (s, t b)
- forAccumM :: (Monad m, Traversable t) => s -> t a -> (s -> a -> m (s, b)) -> m (s, t b)
- fmapDefault :: Traversable t => (a -> b) -> t a -> t b
- foldMapDefault :: (Traversable t, Monoid m) => (a -> m) -> t a -> m
- isSubsequenceOf :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Bool
- showVersion :: Version -> String
- parseVersion :: ReadP Version
- filterM :: Applicative m => (a -> m Bool) -> [a] -> m [a]
- (>=>) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> (b -> m c) -> a -> m c
- (<=<) :: Monad m => (b -> m c) -> (a -> m b) -> a -> m c
- mapAndUnzipM :: Applicative m => (a -> m (b, c)) -> [a] -> m ([b], [c])
- zipWithM :: Applicative m => (a -> b -> m c) -> [a] -> [b] -> m [c]
- zipWithM_ :: Applicative m => (a -> b -> m c) -> [a] -> [b] -> m ()
- foldM :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (b -> a -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m b
- foldM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (b -> a -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m ()
- replicateM :: Applicative m => Int -> m a -> m [a]
- replicateM_ :: Applicative m => Int -> m a -> m ()
- unless :: Applicative f => Bool -> f () -> f ()
- (<$!>) :: Monad m => (a -> b) -> m a -> m b
- mfilter :: MonadPlus m => (a -> Bool) -> m a -> m a
- performMinorGC :: IO ()
- performMajorGC :: IO ()
- performGC :: IO ()
- exitFailure :: IO a
- exitSuccess :: IO a
- die :: String -> IO a
- makeStableName :: a -> IO (StableName a)
- hashStableName :: StableName a -> Int
- eqStableName :: StableName a -> StableName b -> Bool
- printf :: PrintfType r => String -> r
- hPrintf :: HPrintfType r => Handle -> String -> r
- getExecutablePath :: IO FilePath
- executablePath :: Maybe (IO (Maybe FilePath))
- getProgName :: IO String
- withArgs :: [String] -> IO a -> IO a
- withProgName :: String -> IO a -> IO a
- getEnvironment :: IO [(String, String)]
- traceMarkerIO :: String -> IO ()
- traceMarker :: String -> a -> a
- traceEventIO :: String -> IO ()
- traceEvent :: String -> a -> a
- traceStack :: String -> a -> a
- traceShowM :: (Show a, Applicative f) => a -> f ()
- traceM :: Applicative f => String -> f ()
- traceShowId :: Show a => a -> a
- traceShow :: Show a => a -> b -> b
- traceId :: String -> String
- putTraceMsg :: String -> IO ()
- traceWith :: (a -> String) -> a -> a
- traceShowWith :: Show b => (a -> b) -> a -> a
- traceEventWith :: (a -> String) -> a -> a
- flushEventLog :: IO ()
- newUnique :: IO Unique
- hashUnique :: Unique -> Int
- modifySTRef :: STRef s a -> (a -> a) -> ST s ()
- modifySTRef' :: STRef s a -> (a -> a) -> ST s ()
- approxRational :: RealFrac a => a -> a -> Rational
- groupWith :: Ord b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [[a]]
- sortWith :: Ord b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [a]
- newQSemN :: Int -> IO QSemN
- waitQSemN :: QSemN -> Int -> IO ()
- signalQSemN :: QSemN -> Int -> IO ()
- newQSem :: Int -> IO QSem
- waitQSem :: QSem -> IO ()
- signalQSem :: QSem -> IO ()
- newChan :: IO (Chan a)
- writeChan :: Chan a -> a -> IO ()
- readChan :: Chan a -> IO a
- dupChan :: Chan a -> IO (Chan a)
- getChanContents :: Chan a -> IO [a]
- writeList2Chan :: Chan a -> [a] -> IO ()
- rtsSupportsBoundThreads :: Bool
- forkOSWithUnmask :: ((forall a. IO a -> IO a) -> IO ()) -> IO ThreadId
- isCurrentThreadBound :: IO Bool
- runInBoundThread :: IO a -> IO a
- runInUnboundThread :: IO a -> IO a
- timeout :: Int -> IO a -> IO (Maybe a)
- fromConstr :: Data a => Constr -> a
- fromConstrB :: Data a => (forall d. Data d => d) -> Constr -> a
- fromConstrM :: (Monad m, Data a) => (forall d. Data d => m d) -> Constr -> m a
- dataTypeName :: DataType -> String
- dataTypeRep :: DataType -> DataRep
- constrType :: Constr -> DataType
- constrRep :: Constr -> ConstrRep
- repConstr :: DataType -> ConstrRep -> Constr
- mkDataType :: String -> [Constr] -> DataType
- mkConstrTag :: DataType -> String -> Int -> [String] -> Fixity -> Constr
- mkConstr :: DataType -> String -> [String] -> Fixity -> Constr
- dataTypeConstrs :: DataType -> [Constr]
- constrFields :: Constr -> [String]
- constrFixity :: Constr -> Fixity
- showConstr :: Constr -> String
- readConstr :: DataType -> String -> Maybe Constr
- isAlgType :: DataType -> Bool
- indexConstr :: DataType -> ConIndex -> Constr
- constrIndex :: Constr -> ConIndex
- maxConstrIndex :: DataType -> ConIndex
- mkIntType :: String -> DataType
- mkFloatType :: String -> DataType
- mkCharType :: String -> DataType
- mkIntegralConstr :: (Integral a, Show a) => DataType -> a -> Constr
- mkRealConstr :: (Real a, Show a) => DataType -> a -> Constr
- mkCharConstr :: DataType -> Char -> Constr
- mkNoRepType :: String -> DataType
- isNorepType :: DataType -> Bool
- tyconUQname :: String -> String
- tyconModule :: String -> String
- cycle1 :: Semigroup m => m -> m
- diff :: Semigroup m => m -> Endo m
- mtimesDefault :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a
- div' :: (Real a, Integral b) => a -> a -> b
- divMod' :: (Real a, Integral b) => a -> a -> (b, a)
- mod' :: Real a => a -> a -> a
- showFixed :: forall {k} (a :: k). HasResolution a => Bool -> Fixed a -> String
- realPart :: Complex a -> a
- imagPart :: Complex a -> a
- conjugate :: Num a => Complex a -> Complex a
- mkPolar :: Floating a => a -> a -> Complex a
- cis :: Floating a => a -> Complex a
- polar :: RealFloat a => Complex a -> (a, a)
- magnitude :: RealFloat a => Complex a -> a
- phase :: RealFloat a => Complex a -> a
- eq1 :: (Eq1 f, Eq a) => f a -> f a -> Bool
- compare1 :: (Ord1 f, Ord a) => f a -> f a -> Ordering
- readsPrec1 :: (Read1 f, Read a) => Int -> ReadS (f a)
- readPrec1 :: (Read1 f, Read a) => ReadPrec (f a)
- liftReadListDefault :: Read1 f => (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> ReadS [f a]
- liftReadListPrecDefault :: Read1 f => ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec [f a]
- showsPrec1 :: (Show1 f, Show a) => Int -> f a -> ShowS
- eq2 :: (Eq2 f, Eq a, Eq b) => f a b -> f a b -> Bool
- compare2 :: (Ord2 f, Ord a, Ord b) => f a b -> f a b -> Ordering
- readsPrec2 :: (Read2 f, Read a, Read b) => Int -> ReadS (f a b)
- readPrec2 :: (Read2 f, Read a, Read b) => ReadPrec (f a b)
- liftReadList2Default :: Read2 f => (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> (Int -> ReadS b) -> ReadS [b] -> ReadS [f a b]
- liftReadListPrec2Default :: Read2 f => ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec b -> ReadPrec [b] -> ReadPrec [f a b]
- showsPrec2 :: (Show2 f, Show a, Show b) => Int -> f a b -> ShowS
- readsData :: (String -> ReadS a) -> Int -> ReadS a
- readData :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec a
- readsUnaryWith :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> String -> (a -> t) -> String -> ReadS t
- readUnaryWith :: ReadPrec a -> String -> (a -> t) -> ReadPrec t
- readsBinaryWith :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> (Int -> ReadS b) -> String -> (a -> b -> t) -> String -> ReadS t
- readBinaryWith :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec b -> String -> (a -> b -> t) -> ReadPrec t
- showsUnaryWith :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> String -> Int -> a -> ShowS
- showsBinaryWith :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> (Int -> b -> ShowS) -> String -> Int -> a -> b -> ShowS
- readsUnary :: Read a => String -> (a -> t) -> String -> ReadS t
- readsUnary1 :: (Read1 f, Read a) => String -> (f a -> t) -> String -> ReadS t
- readsBinary1 :: (Read1 f, Read1 g, Read a) => String -> (f a -> g a -> t) -> String -> ReadS t
- showsUnary :: Show a => String -> Int -> a -> ShowS
- showsUnary1 :: (Show1 f, Show a) => String -> Int -> f a -> ShowS
- showsBinary1 :: (Show1 f, Show1 g, Show a) => String -> Int -> f a -> g a -> ShowS
- phantom :: (Functor f, Contravariant f) => f a -> f b
- ($<) :: Contravariant f => f b -> b -> f a
- (>$<) :: Contravariant f => (a -> b) -> f b -> f a
- (>$$<) :: Contravariant f => f b -> (a -> b) -> f a
- defaultComparison :: Ord a => Comparison a
- defaultEquivalence :: Eq a => Equivalence a
- comparisonEquivalence :: Comparison a -> Equivalence a
Documentation
The Either
type represents values with two possibilities: a value of
type
is either Either
a b
or Left
a
.Right
b
The Either
type is sometimes used to represent a value which is
either correct or an error; by convention, the Left
constructor is
used to hold an error value and the Right
constructor is used to
hold a correct value (mnemonic: "right" also means "correct").
Examples
The type
is the type of values which can be either
a Either
String
Int
String
or an Int
. The Left
constructor can be used only on
String
s, and the Right
constructor can be used only on Int
s:
>>>
let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
>>>
s
Left "foo">>>
let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
>>>
n
Right 3>>>
:type s
s :: Either String Int>>>
:type n
n :: Either String Int
The fmap
from our Functor
instance will ignore Left
values, but
will apply the supplied function to values contained in a Right
:
>>>
let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
>>>
let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
>>>
fmap (*2) s
Left "foo">>>
fmap (*2) n
Right 6
The Monad
instance for Either
allows us to chain together multiple
actions which may fail, and fail overall if any of the individual
steps failed. First we'll write a function that can either parse an
Int
from a Char
, or fail.
>>>
import Data.Char ( digitToInt, isDigit )
>>>
:{
let parseEither :: Char -> Either String Int parseEither c | isDigit c = Right (digitToInt c) | otherwise = Left "parse error">>>
:}
The following should work, since both '1'
and '2'
can be
parsed as Int
s.
>>>
:{
let parseMultiple :: Either String Int parseMultiple = do x <- parseEither '1' y <- parseEither '2' return (x + y)>>>
:}
>>>
parseMultiple
Right 3
But the following should fail overall, since the first operation where
we attempt to parse 'm'
as an Int
will fail:
>>>
:{
let parseMultiple :: Either String Int parseMultiple = do x <- parseEither 'm' y <- parseEither '2' return (x + y)>>>
:}
>>>
parseMultiple
Left "parse error"
Instances
Bifunctor Either | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Eq2 Either | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord2 Either | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Classes | |
Read2 Either | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Classes Methods liftReadsPrec2 :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> (Int -> ReadS b) -> ReadS [b] -> Int -> ReadS (Either a b) # liftReadList2 :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> (Int -> ReadS b) -> ReadS [b] -> ReadS [Either a b] # liftReadPrec2 :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec b -> ReadPrec [b] -> ReadPrec (Either a b) # liftReadListPrec2 :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec b -> ReadPrec [b] -> ReadPrec [Either a b] # | |
Show2 Either | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic1 (Either a :: Type -> Type) | |
MonadFix (Either e) | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Monad.Fix | |
Foldable (Either a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => Either a m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Either a a0 -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Either a a0 -> m # foldr :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b # foldr' :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b # foldl :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b # foldr1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Either a a0 -> a0 # foldl1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Either a a0 -> a0 # toList :: Either a a0 -> [a0] # length :: Either a a0 -> Int # elem :: Eq a0 => a0 -> Either a a0 -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 # minimum :: Ord a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 # | |
Eq a => Eq1 (Either a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord a => Ord1 (Either a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Classes | |
Read a => Read1 (Either a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Classes Methods liftReadsPrec :: (Int -> ReadS a0) -> ReadS [a0] -> Int -> ReadS (Either a a0) # liftReadList :: (Int -> ReadS a0) -> ReadS [a0] -> ReadS [Either a a0] # liftReadPrec :: ReadPrec a0 -> ReadPrec [a0] -> ReadPrec (Either a a0) # liftReadListPrec :: ReadPrec a0 -> ReadPrec [a0] -> ReadPrec [Either a a0] # | |
Show a => Show1 (Either a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Traversable (Either a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Traversable | |
Applicative (Either e) | Since: base-3.0 |
Functor (Either a) | Since: base-3.0 |
Monad (Either e) | Since: base-4.4.0.0 |
(Data a, Data b) => Data (Either a b) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Either a b -> c (Either a b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Either a b) # toConstr :: Either a b -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Either a b -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Either a b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Either a b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> Either a b -> Either a b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Either a b -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Either a b -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Either a b -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Either a b -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Either a b -> m (Either a b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Either a b -> m (Either a b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Either a b -> m (Either a b) # | |
Semigroup (Either a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic (Either a b) | |
(Read a, Read b) => Read (Either a b) | Since: base-3.0 |
(Show a, Show b) => Show (Either a b) | Since: base-3.0 |
(Eq a, Eq b) => Eq (Either a b) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Ord a, Ord b) => Ord (Either a b) | Since: base-2.1 |
type Rep1 (Either a :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics type Rep1 (Either a :: Type -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "Either" "Data.Either" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "Left" 'PrefixI 'False) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Nothing :: Maybe Symbol) 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)) :+: C1 ('MetaCons "Right" 'PrefixI 'False) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Nothing :: Maybe Symbol) 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1)) | |
type Rep (Either a b) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics type Rep (Either a b) = D1 ('MetaData "Either" "Data.Either" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "Left" 'PrefixI 'False) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Nothing :: Maybe Symbol) 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)) :+: C1 ('MetaCons "Right" 'PrefixI 'False) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Nothing :: Maybe Symbol) 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 b))) |
newtype AssertionFailed #
Constructors
AssertionFailed String |
Instances
Exception AssertionFailed | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception Methods toException :: AssertionFailed -> SomeException # | |
Show AssertionFailed | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception Methods showsPrec :: Int -> AssertionFailed -> ShowS # show :: AssertionFailed -> String # showList :: [AssertionFailed] -> ShowS # |
class Typeable a => Data a where #
The Data
class comprehends a fundamental primitive gfoldl
for
folding over constructor applications, say terms. This primitive can
be instantiated in several ways to map over the immediate subterms
of a term; see the gmap
combinators later in this class. Indeed, a
generic programmer does not necessarily need to use the ingenious gfoldl
primitive but rather the intuitive gmap
combinators. The gfoldl
primitive is completed by means to query top-level constructors, to
turn constructor representations into proper terms, and to list all
possible datatype constructors. This completion allows us to serve
generic programming scenarios like read, show, equality, term generation.
The combinators gmapT
, gmapQ
, gmapM
, etc are all provided with
default definitions in terms of gfoldl
, leaving open the opportunity
to provide datatype-specific definitions.
(The inclusion of the gmap
combinators as members of class Data
allows the programmer or the compiler to derive specialised, and maybe
more efficient code per datatype. Note: gfoldl
is more higher-order
than the gmap
combinators. This is subject to ongoing benchmarking
experiments. It might turn out that the gmap
combinators will be
moved out of the class Data
.)
Conceptually, the definition of the gmap
combinators in terms of the
primitive gfoldl
requires the identification of the gfoldl
function
arguments. Technically, we also need to identify the type constructor
c
for the construction of the result type from the folded term type.
In the definition of gmapQ
x combinators, we use phantom type
constructors for the c
in the type of gfoldl
because the result type
of a query does not involve the (polymorphic) type of the term argument.
In the definition of gmapQl
we simply use the plain constant type
constructor because gfoldl
is left-associative anyway and so it is
readily suited to fold a left-associative binary operation over the
immediate subterms. In the definition of gmapQr, extra effort is
needed. We use a higher-order accumulation trick to mediate between
left-associative constructor application vs. right-associative binary
operation (e.g., (:)
). When the query is meant to compute a value
of type r
, then the result type within generic folding is r -> r
.
So the result of folding is a function to which we finally pass the
right unit.
With the -XDeriveDataTypeable
option, GHC can generate instances of the
Data
class automatically. For example, given the declaration
data T a b = C1 a b | C2 deriving (Typeable, Data)
GHC will generate an instance that is equivalent to
instance (Data a, Data b) => Data (T a b) where gfoldl k z (C1 a b) = z C1 `k` a `k` b gfoldl k z C2 = z C2 gunfold k z c = case constrIndex c of 1 -> k (k (z C1)) 2 -> z C2 toConstr (C1 _ _) = con_C1 toConstr C2 = con_C2 dataTypeOf _ = ty_T con_C1 = mkConstr ty_T "C1" [] Prefix con_C2 = mkConstr ty_T "C2" [] Prefix ty_T = mkDataType "Module.T" [con_C1, con_C2]
This is suitable for datatypes that are exported transparently.
Minimal complete definition
Methods
Arguments
:: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) | defines how nonempty constructor applications are folded. It takes the folded tail of the constructor application and its head, i.e., an immediate subterm, and combines them in some way. |
-> (forall g. g -> c g) | defines how the empty constructor application is folded, like the neutral / start element for list folding. |
-> a | structure to be folded. |
-> c a | result, with a type defined in terms of |
Left-associative fold operation for constructor applications.
The type of gfoldl
is a headache, but operationally it is a simple
generalisation of a list fold.
The default definition for gfoldl
is
, which is
suitable for abstract datatypes with no substructures.const
id
gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c a #
Unfolding constructor applications
Obtaining the constructor from a given datum. For proper terms, this is meant to be the top-level constructor. Primitive datatypes are here viewed as potentially infinite sets of values (i.e., constructors).
dataTypeOf :: a -> DataType #
The outer type constructor of the type
dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c a) #
Mediate types and unary type constructors.
In Data
instances of the form
instance (Data a, ...) => Data (T a)
dataCast1
should be defined as gcast1
.
The default definition is
, which is appropriate
for instances of other forms.const
Nothing
dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c a) #
Mediate types and binary type constructors.
In Data
instances of the form
instance (Data a, Data b, ...) => Data (T a b)
dataCast2
should be defined as gcast2
.
The default definition is
, which is appropriate
for instances of other forms.const
Nothing
gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> a -> a #
A generic transformation that maps over the immediate subterms
The default definition instantiates the type constructor c
in the
type of gfoldl
to an identity datatype constructor, using the
isomorphism pair as injection and projection.
gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> a -> r #
A generic query with a left-associative binary operator
gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> a -> r #
A generic query with a right-associative binary operator
gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> a -> [u] #
A generic query that processes the immediate subterms and returns a list of results. The list is given in the same order as originally specified in the declaration of the data constructors.
gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> a -> u #
A generic query that processes one child by index (zero-based)
gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> a -> m a #
A generic monadic transformation that maps over the immediate subterms
The default definition instantiates the type constructor c
in
the type of gfoldl
to the monad datatype constructor, defining
injection and projection using return
and >>=
.
gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> a -> m a #
Transformation of at least one immediate subterm does not fail
gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> a -> m a #
Transformation of one immediate subterm with success
Instances
Data All | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> All -> c All # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c All # dataTypeOf :: All -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c All) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c All) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> All -> All # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> All -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> All -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> All -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> All -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> All -> m All # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> All -> m All # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> All -> m All # | |
Data Any | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Any -> c Any # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Any # dataTypeOf :: Any -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Any) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Any) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Any -> Any # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Any -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Any -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Any -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Any -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Any -> m Any # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Any -> m Any # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Any -> m Any # | |
Data Version | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Version -> c Version # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Version # toConstr :: Version -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Version -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Version) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Version) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Version -> Version # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Version -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Version -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Version -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Version -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Version -> m Version # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Version -> m Version # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Version -> m Version # | |
Data IntPtr | Since: base-4.11.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> IntPtr -> c IntPtr # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c IntPtr # toConstr :: IntPtr -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: IntPtr -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c IntPtr) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c IntPtr) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> IntPtr -> IntPtr # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> IntPtr -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> IntPtr -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> IntPtr -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> IntPtr -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> IntPtr -> m IntPtr # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> IntPtr -> m IntPtr # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> IntPtr -> m IntPtr # | |
Data WordPtr | Since: base-4.11.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> WordPtr -> c WordPtr # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c WordPtr # toConstr :: WordPtr -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: WordPtr -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c WordPtr) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c WordPtr) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> WordPtr -> WordPtr # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WordPtr -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WordPtr -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WordPtr -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WordPtr -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> WordPtr -> m WordPtr # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> WordPtr -> m WordPtr # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> WordPtr -> m WordPtr # | |
Data Void | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Void -> c Void # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Void # dataTypeOf :: Void -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Void) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Void) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Void -> Void # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Void -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Void -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Void -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Void -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Void -> m Void # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Void -> m Void # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Void -> m Void # | |
Data SpecConstrAnnotation | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exts Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> c SpecConstrAnnotation # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c SpecConstrAnnotation # toConstr :: SpecConstrAnnotation -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: SpecConstrAnnotation -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c SpecConstrAnnotation) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c SpecConstrAnnotation) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> SpecConstrAnnotation # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> m SpecConstrAnnotation # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> m SpecConstrAnnotation # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> m SpecConstrAnnotation # | |
Data Associativity | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Associativity -> c Associativity # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Associativity # toConstr :: Associativity -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Associativity -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Associativity) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Associativity) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Associativity -> Associativity # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Associativity -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Associativity -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Associativity -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Associativity -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Associativity -> m Associativity # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Associativity -> m Associativity # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Associativity -> m Associativity # | |
Data DecidedStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> DecidedStrictness -> c DecidedStrictness # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c DecidedStrictness # toConstr :: DecidedStrictness -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: DecidedStrictness -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c DecidedStrictness) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c DecidedStrictness) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> DecidedStrictness -> DecidedStrictness # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> DecidedStrictness -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> DecidedStrictness -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> DecidedStrictness -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> DecidedStrictness -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> DecidedStrictness -> m DecidedStrictness # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> DecidedStrictness -> m DecidedStrictness # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> DecidedStrictness -> m DecidedStrictness # | |
Data Fixity | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Fixity -> c Fixity # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Fixity # toConstr :: Fixity -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Fixity -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Fixity) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Fixity) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Fixity -> Fixity # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Fixity -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Fixity -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Fixity -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Fixity -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Fixity -> m Fixity # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Fixity -> m Fixity # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Fixity -> m Fixity # | |
Data SourceStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> SourceStrictness -> c SourceStrictness # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c SourceStrictness # toConstr :: SourceStrictness -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: SourceStrictness -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c SourceStrictness) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c SourceStrictness) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> SourceStrictness -> SourceStrictness # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> SourceStrictness -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> SourceStrictness -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> SourceStrictness -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> SourceStrictness -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SourceStrictness -> m SourceStrictness # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SourceStrictness -> m SourceStrictness # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SourceStrictness -> m SourceStrictness # | |
Data SourceUnpackedness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> SourceUnpackedness -> c SourceUnpackedness # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c SourceUnpackedness # toConstr :: SourceUnpackedness -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: SourceUnpackedness -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c SourceUnpackedness) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c SourceUnpackedness) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> SourceUnpackedness -> SourceUnpackedness # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> SourceUnpackedness -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> SourceUnpackedness -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> SourceUnpackedness -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> SourceUnpackedness -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SourceUnpackedness -> m SourceUnpackedness # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SourceUnpackedness -> m SourceUnpackedness # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> SourceUnpackedness -> m SourceUnpackedness # | |
Data Int16 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int16 -> c Int16 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int16 # dataTypeOf :: Int16 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int16) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int16) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int16 -> Int16 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int16 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int16 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int16 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int16 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int16 -> m Int16 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int16 -> m Int16 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int16 -> m Int16 # | |
Data Int32 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int32 -> c Int32 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int32 # dataTypeOf :: Int32 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int32) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int32) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int32 -> Int32 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int32 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int32 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int32 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int32 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int32 -> m Int32 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int32 -> m Int32 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int32 -> m Int32 # | |
Data Int64 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int64 -> c Int64 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int64 # dataTypeOf :: Int64 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int64) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int64) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int64 -> Int64 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int64 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int64 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int64 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int64 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int64 -> m Int64 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int64 -> m Int64 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int64 -> m Int64 # | |
Data Int8 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int8 -> c Int8 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int8 # dataTypeOf :: Int8 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int8) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int8) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int8 -> Int8 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int8 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int8 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int8 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int8 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int8 -> m Int8 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int8 -> m Int8 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int8 -> m Int8 # | |
Data Word16 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word16 -> c Word16 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word16 # toConstr :: Word16 -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Word16 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word16) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word16) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word16 -> Word16 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word16 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word16 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word16 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word16 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word16 -> m Word16 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word16 -> m Word16 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word16 -> m Word16 # | |
Data Word32 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word32 -> c Word32 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word32 # toConstr :: Word32 -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Word32 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word32) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word32) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word32 -> Word32 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word32 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word32 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word32 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word32 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word32 -> m Word32 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word32 -> m Word32 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word32 -> m Word32 # | |
Data Word64 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word64 -> c Word64 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word64 # toConstr :: Word64 -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Word64 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word64) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word64) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word64 -> Word64 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word64 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word64 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word64 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word64 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word64 -> m Word64 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word64 -> m Word64 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word64 -> m Word64 # | |
Data Word8 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word8 -> c Word8 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word8 # dataTypeOf :: Word8 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word8) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word8) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word8 -> Word8 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word8 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word8 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word8 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word8 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word8 -> m Word8 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word8 -> m Word8 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word8 -> m Word8 # | |
Data Ordering | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Ordering -> c Ordering # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Ordering # toConstr :: Ordering -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Ordering -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Ordering) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Ordering) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Ordering -> Ordering # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ordering -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ordering -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ordering -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ordering -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ordering -> m Ordering # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ordering -> m Ordering # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ordering -> m Ordering # | |
Data Integer | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Integer -> c Integer # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Integer # toConstr :: Integer -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Integer -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Integer) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Integer) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Integer -> Integer # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Integer -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Integer -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Integer -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Integer -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Integer -> m Integer # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Integer -> m Integer # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Integer -> m Integer # | |
Data Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Natural -> c Natural # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Natural # toConstr :: Natural -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Natural -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Natural) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Natural) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Natural -> Natural # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Natural -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Natural -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Natural -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Natural -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Natural -> m Natural # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Natural -> m Natural # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Natural -> m Natural # | |
Data () | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> () -> c () # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c () # dataTypeOf :: () -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c ()) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c ()) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> () -> () # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> () -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> () -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> () -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> () -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> () -> m () # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> () -> m () # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> () -> m () # | |
Data Bool | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Bool -> c Bool # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Bool # dataTypeOf :: Bool -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Bool) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Bool) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Bool -> Bool # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Bool -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Bool -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Bool -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Bool -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Bool -> m Bool # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Bool -> m Bool # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Bool -> m Bool # | |
Data Char | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Char -> c Char # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Char # dataTypeOf :: Char -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Char) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Char) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Char -> Char # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Char -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Char -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Char -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Char -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char # | |
Data Double | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Double -> c Double # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Double # toConstr :: Double -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Double -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Double) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Double) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Double -> Double # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Double -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Double -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Double -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Double -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Double -> m Double # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Double -> m Double # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Double -> m Double # | |
Data Float | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Float -> c Float # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Float # dataTypeOf :: Float -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Float) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Float) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Float -> Float # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Float -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Float -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Float -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Float -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Float -> m Float # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Float -> m Float # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Float -> m Float # | |
Data Int | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int -> c Int # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int # dataTypeOf :: Int -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int -> Int # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int -> m Int # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int -> m Int # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int -> m Int # | |
Data Word | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word -> c Word # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word # dataTypeOf :: Word -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word -> Word # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word -> m Word # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word -> m Word # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word -> m Word # | |
Data a => Data (ZipList a) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> ZipList a -> c (ZipList a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (ZipList a) # toConstr :: ZipList a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: ZipList a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (ZipList a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (ZipList a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> ZipList a -> ZipList a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ZipList a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ZipList a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ZipList a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ZipList a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ZipList a -> m (ZipList a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ZipList a -> m (ZipList a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ZipList a -> m (ZipList a) # | |
Data a => Data (Complex a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Data.Complex Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Complex a -> c (Complex a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Complex a) # toConstr :: Complex a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Complex a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Complex a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Complex a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Complex a -> Complex a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Complex a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Complex a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Complex a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Complex a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Complex a -> m (Complex a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Complex a -> m (Complex a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Complex a -> m (Complex a) # | |
Data a => Data (Identity a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Identity a -> c (Identity a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Identity a) # toConstr :: Identity a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Identity a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Identity a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Identity a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Identity a -> Identity a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Identity a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Identity a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Identity a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Identity a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Identity a -> m (Identity a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Identity a -> m (Identity a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Identity a -> m (Identity a) # | |
Data a => Data (First a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> First a -> c (First a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (First a) # toConstr :: First a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: First a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> First a -> First a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # | |
Data a => Data (Last a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Last a -> c (Last a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Last a) # toConstr :: Last a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Last a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Last a -> Last a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # | |
Data a => Data (Down a) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Down a -> c (Down a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Down a) # toConstr :: Down a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Down a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Down a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Down a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Down a -> Down a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Down a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Down a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Down a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Down a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Down a -> m (Down a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Down a -> m (Down a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Down a -> m (Down a) # | |
Data a => Data (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> First a -> c (First a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (First a) # toConstr :: First a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: First a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> First a -> First a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # | |
Data a => Data (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Last a -> c (Last a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Last a) # toConstr :: Last a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Last a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Last a -> Last a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # | |
Data a => Data (Max a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Max a -> c (Max a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Max a) # dataTypeOf :: Max a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Max a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Max a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Max a -> Max a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Max a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Max a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Max a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Max a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Max a -> m (Max a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Max a -> m (Max a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Max a -> m (Max a) # | |
Data a => Data (Min a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Min a -> c (Min a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Min a) # dataTypeOf :: Min a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Min a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Min a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Min a -> Min a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Min a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Min a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Min a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Min a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Min a -> m (Min a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Min a -> m (Min a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Min a -> m (Min a) # | |
Data m => Data (WrappedMonoid m) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> WrappedMonoid m -> c (WrappedMonoid m) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (WrappedMonoid m) # toConstr :: WrappedMonoid m -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: WrappedMonoid m -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (WrappedMonoid m)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (WrappedMonoid m)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedMonoid m -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedMonoid m -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedMonoid m -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedMonoid m -> u # gmapM :: Monad m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonoid m -> m0 (WrappedMonoid m) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonoid m -> m0 (WrappedMonoid m) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonoid m -> m0 (WrappedMonoid m) # | |
Data a => Data (Dual a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Dual a -> c (Dual a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Dual a) # toConstr :: Dual a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Dual a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Dual a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Dual a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Dual a -> Dual a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Dual a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Dual a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Dual a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Dual a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Dual a -> m (Dual a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Dual a -> m (Dual a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Dual a -> m (Dual a) # | |
Data a => Data (Product a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Product a -> c (Product a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Product a) # toConstr :: Product a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Product a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Product a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Product a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Product a -> Product a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Product a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Product a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Product a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Product a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product a -> m (Product a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product a -> m (Product a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product a -> m (Product a) # | |
Data a => Data (Sum a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Sum a -> c (Sum a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Sum a) # dataTypeOf :: Sum a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Sum a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Sum a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Sum a -> Sum a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Sum a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Sum a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Sum a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Sum a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum a -> m (Sum a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum a -> m (Sum a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum a -> m (Sum a) # | |
Data a => Data (ConstPtr a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> ConstPtr a -> c (ConstPtr a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (ConstPtr a) # toConstr :: ConstPtr a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: ConstPtr a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (ConstPtr a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (ConstPtr a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> ConstPtr a -> ConstPtr a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ConstPtr a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ConstPtr a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ConstPtr a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ConstPtr a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ConstPtr a -> m (ConstPtr a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ConstPtr a -> m (ConstPtr a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ConstPtr a -> m (ConstPtr a) # | |
Data a => Data (NonEmpty a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> NonEmpty a -> c (NonEmpty a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (NonEmpty a) # toConstr :: NonEmpty a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: NonEmpty a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (NonEmpty a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (NonEmpty a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> NonEmpty a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> NonEmpty a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> NonEmpty a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> NonEmpty a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> NonEmpty a -> m (NonEmpty a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> NonEmpty a -> m (NonEmpty a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> NonEmpty a -> m (NonEmpty a) # | |
Data a => Data (ForeignPtr a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> ForeignPtr a -> c (ForeignPtr a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (ForeignPtr a) # toConstr :: ForeignPtr a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: ForeignPtr a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (ForeignPtr a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (ForeignPtr a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ForeignPtr a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ForeignPtr a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ForeignPtr a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ForeignPtr a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ForeignPtr a -> m (ForeignPtr a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ForeignPtr a -> m (ForeignPtr a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ForeignPtr a -> m (ForeignPtr a) # | |
Data p => Data (Par1 p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Par1 p -> c (Par1 p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Par1 p) # toConstr :: Par1 p -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Par1 p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Par1 p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Par1 p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Par1 p -> Par1 p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Par1 p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Par1 p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Par1 p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Par1 p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Par1 p -> m (Par1 p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Par1 p -> m (Par1 p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Par1 p -> m (Par1 p) # | |
Data a => Data (Ptr a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Ptr a -> c (Ptr a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Ptr a) # dataTypeOf :: Ptr a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Ptr a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Ptr a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Ptr a -> Ptr a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ptr a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ptr a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ptr a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ptr a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) # | |
(Data a, Integral a) => Data (Ratio a) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Ratio a -> c (Ratio a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Ratio a) # toConstr :: Ratio a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Ratio a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Ratio a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Ratio a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Ratio a -> Ratio a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ratio a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ratio a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ratio a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ratio a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ratio a -> m (Ratio a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ratio a -> m (Ratio a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ratio a -> m (Ratio a) # | |
Data a => Data (Maybe a) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Maybe a -> c (Maybe a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Maybe a) # toConstr :: Maybe a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Maybe a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Maybe a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Maybe a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Maybe a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Maybe a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Maybe a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Maybe a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe a) # | |
Data a => Data (a) | Since: base-4.15 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> (a) -> c (a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (a) # dataTypeOf :: (a) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> (a) -> (a) # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a) -> m (a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a) -> m (a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a) -> m (a) # | |
Data a => Data [a] | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> [a] -> c [a] # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c [a] # dataTypeOf :: [a] -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c [a]) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c [a]) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> [a] -> [a] # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> [a] -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> [a] -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> [a] -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> [a] -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> [a] -> m [a] # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> [a] -> m [a] # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> [a] -> m [a] # | |
(Typeable m, Typeable a, Data (m a)) => Data (WrappedMonad m a) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> WrappedMonad m a -> c (WrappedMonad m a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (WrappedMonad m a) # toConstr :: WrappedMonad m a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: WrappedMonad m a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (WrappedMonad m a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (WrappedMonad m a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedMonad m a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedMonad m a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedMonad m a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedMonad m a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonad m a -> m0 (WrappedMonad m a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonad m a -> m0 (WrappedMonad m a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonad m a -> m0 (WrappedMonad m a) # | |
(Data a, Data b) => Data (Either a b) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Either a b -> c (Either a b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Either a b) # toConstr :: Either a b -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Either a b -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Either a b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Either a b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> Either a b -> Either a b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Either a b -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Either a b -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Either a b -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Either a b -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Either a b -> m (Either a b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Either a b -> m (Either a b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Either a b -> m (Either a b) # | |
(Typeable k, Typeable a) => Data (Fixed a) | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Fixed Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Fixed a -> c (Fixed a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Fixed a) # toConstr :: Fixed a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Fixed a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Fixed a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Fixed a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Fixed a -> Fixed a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Fixed a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Fixed a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Fixed a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Fixed a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Fixed a -> m (Fixed a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Fixed a -> m (Fixed a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Fixed a -> m (Fixed a) # | |
Data t => Data (Proxy t) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Proxy t -> c (Proxy t) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Proxy t) # toConstr :: Proxy t -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Proxy t -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t0 => (forall d. Data d => c (t0 d)) -> Maybe (c (Proxy t)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t0 => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t0 d e)) -> Maybe (c (Proxy t)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Proxy t -> Proxy t # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Proxy t -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Proxy t -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Proxy t -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Proxy t -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Proxy t -> m (Proxy t) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Proxy t -> m (Proxy t) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Proxy t -> m (Proxy t) # | |
(Data a, Data b) => Data (Arg a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Arg a b -> c (Arg a b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Arg a b) # toConstr :: Arg a b -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Arg a b -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Arg a b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Arg a b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> Arg a b -> Arg a b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Arg a b -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Arg a b -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Arg a b -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Arg a b -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Arg a b -> m (Arg a b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Arg a b -> m (Arg a b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Arg a b -> m (Arg a b) # | |
(Data a, Data b, Ix a) => Data (Array a b) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Array a b -> c (Array a b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Array a b) # toConstr :: Array a b -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Array a b -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Array a b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Array a b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> Array a b -> Array a b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Array a b -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Array a b -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Array a b -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Array a b -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Array a b -> m (Array a b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Array a b -> m (Array a b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Array a b -> m (Array a b) # | |
Data p => Data (U1 p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> U1 p -> c (U1 p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (U1 p) # dataTypeOf :: U1 p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (U1 p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (U1 p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> U1 p -> U1 p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> U1 p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> U1 p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> U1 p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> U1 p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> U1 p -> m (U1 p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> U1 p -> m (U1 p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> U1 p -> m (U1 p) # | |
Data p => Data (V1 p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> V1 p -> c (V1 p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (V1 p) # dataTypeOf :: V1 p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (V1 p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (V1 p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> V1 p -> V1 p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> V1 p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> V1 p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> V1 p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> V1 p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> V1 p -> m (V1 p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> V1 p -> m (V1 p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> V1 p -> m (V1 p) # | |
(Data a, Data b) => Data (a, b) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> (a, b) -> c (a, b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (a, b) # toConstr :: (a, b) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a, b) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (a, b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (a, b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a, b) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a, b) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a, b) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a, b) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a, b) -> m (a, b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a, b) -> m (a, b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a, b) -> m (a, b) # | |
(Typeable a, Typeable b, Typeable c, Data (a b c)) => Data (WrappedArrow a b c) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c0 (d -> b0) -> d -> c0 b0) -> (forall g. g -> c0 g) -> WrappedArrow a b c -> c0 (WrappedArrow a b c) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c0 (b0 -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (WrappedArrow a b c) # toConstr :: WrappedArrow a b c -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: WrappedArrow a b c -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c0 (t d)) -> Maybe (c0 (WrappedArrow a b c)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c0 (t d e)) -> Maybe (c0 (WrappedArrow a b c)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> WrappedArrow a b c -> WrappedArrow a b c # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedArrow a b c -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedArrow a b c -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedArrow a b c -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedArrow a b c -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> WrappedArrow a b c -> m (WrappedArrow a b c) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> WrappedArrow a b c -> m (WrappedArrow a b c) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> WrappedArrow a b c -> m (WrappedArrow a b c) # | |
(Typeable k, Data a, Typeable b) => Data (Const a b) | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Const a b -> c (Const a b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Const a b) # toConstr :: Const a b -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Const a b -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Const a b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Const a b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> Const a b -> Const a b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Const a b -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Const a b -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Const a b -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Const a b -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Const a b -> m (Const a b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Const a b -> m (Const a b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Const a b -> m (Const a b) # | |
(Data (f a), Data a, Typeable f) => Data (Ap f a) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Ap f a -> c (Ap f a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Ap f a) # toConstr :: Ap f a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Ap f a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Ap f a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Ap f a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Ap f a -> Ap f a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ap f a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ap f a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ap f a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ap f a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ap f a -> m (Ap f a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ap f a -> m (Ap f a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ap f a -> m (Ap f a) # | |
(Data (f a), Data a, Typeable f) => Data (Alt f a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Alt f a -> c (Alt f a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Alt f a) # toConstr :: Alt f a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Alt f a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Alt f a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Alt f a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Alt f a -> Alt f a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Alt f a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Alt f a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Alt f a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Alt f a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Alt f a -> m (Alt f a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Alt f a -> m (Alt f a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Alt f a -> m (Alt f a) # | |
(Coercible a b, Data a, Data b) => Data (Coercion a b) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Coercion a b -> c (Coercion a b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Coercion a b) # toConstr :: Coercion a b -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Coercion a b -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Coercion a b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Coercion a b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> Coercion a b -> Coercion a b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Coercion a b -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Coercion a b -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Coercion a b -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Coercion a b -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Coercion a b -> m (Coercion a b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Coercion a b -> m (Coercion a b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Coercion a b -> m (Coercion a b) # | |
(a ~ b, Data a) => Data (a :~: b) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> (a :~: b) -> c (a :~: b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (a :~: b) # toConstr :: (a :~: b) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a :~: b) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (a :~: b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (a :~: b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a :~: b) -> a :~: b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~: b) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~: b) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~: b) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~: b) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~: b) -> m (a :~: b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~: b) -> m (a :~: b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~: b) -> m (a :~: b) # | |
(Data (f p), Typeable f, Data p) => Data (Rec1 f p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Rec1 f p -> c (Rec1 f p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Rec1 f p) # toConstr :: Rec1 f p -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Rec1 f p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Rec1 f p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Rec1 f p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Rec1 f p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Rec1 f p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Rec1 f p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Rec1 f p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Rec1 f p -> m (Rec1 f p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Rec1 f p -> m (Rec1 f p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Rec1 f p -> m (Rec1 f p) # | |
(Data a, Data b, Data c) => Data (a, b, c) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c0 (d -> b0) -> d -> c0 b0) -> (forall g. g -> c0 g) -> (a, b, c) -> c0 (a, b, c) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c0 (b0 -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (a, b, c) # toConstr :: (a, b, c) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a, b, c) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c0 (t d)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c0 (t d e)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a, b, c) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a, b, c) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a, b, c) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a, b, c) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a, b, c) -> m (a, b, c) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a, b, c) -> m (a, b, c) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a, b, c) -> m (a, b, c) # | |
(Typeable a, Typeable f, Typeable g, Typeable k, Data (f a), Data (g a)) => Data (Product f g a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Product Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> Product f g a -> c (Product f g a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Product f g a) # toConstr :: Product f g a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Product f g a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Product f g a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Product f g a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Product f g a -> Product f g a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Product f g a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Product f g a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Product f g a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Product f g a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product f g a -> m (Product f g a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product f g a -> m (Product f g a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product f g a -> m (Product f g a) # | |
(Typeable a, Typeable f, Typeable g, Typeable k, Data (f a), Data (g a)) => Data (Sum f g a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Sum Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> Sum f g a -> c (Sum f g a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Sum f g a) # toConstr :: Sum f g a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Sum f g a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Sum f g a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Sum f g a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Sum f g a -> Sum f g a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Sum f g a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Sum f g a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Sum f g a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Sum f g a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum f g a -> m (Sum f g a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum f g a -> m (Sum f g a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum f g a -> m (Sum f g a) # | |
(Typeable i, Typeable j, Typeable a, Typeable b, a ~~ b) => Data (a :~~: b) | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> (a :~~: b) -> c (a :~~: b) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (a :~~: b) # toConstr :: (a :~~: b) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a :~~: b) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (a :~~: b)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (a :~~: b)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a :~~: b) -> a :~~: b # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~~: b) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~~: b) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~~: b) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~~: b) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~~: b) -> m (a :~~: b) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~~: b) -> m (a :~~: b) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~~: b) -> m (a :~~: b) # | |
(Typeable f, Typeable g, Data p, Data (f p), Data (g p)) => Data ((f :*: g) p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> (f :*: g) p -> c ((f :*: g) p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c ((f :*: g) p) # toConstr :: (f :*: g) p -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (f :*: g) p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c ((f :*: g) p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c ((f :*: g) p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (f :*: g) p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (f :*: g) p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (f :*: g) p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (f :*: g) p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :*: g) p -> m ((f :*: g) p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :*: g) p -> m ((f :*: g) p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :*: g) p -> m ((f :*: g) p) # | |
(Typeable f, Typeable g, Data p, Data (f p), Data (g p)) => Data ((f :+: g) p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> (f :+: g) p -> c ((f :+: g) p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c ((f :+: g) p) # toConstr :: (f :+: g) p -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (f :+: g) p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c ((f :+: g) p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c ((f :+: g) p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (f :+: g) p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (f :+: g) p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (f :+: g) p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (f :+: g) p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :+: g) p -> m ((f :+: g) p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :+: g) p -> m ((f :+: g) p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :+: g) p -> m ((f :+: g) p) # | |
(Typeable i, Data p, Data c) => Data (K1 i c p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c0 (d -> b) -> d -> c0 b) -> (forall g. g -> c0 g) -> K1 i c p -> c0 (K1 i c p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c0 (b -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (K1 i c p) # toConstr :: K1 i c p -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: K1 i c p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c0 (t d)) -> Maybe (c0 (K1 i c p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c0 (t d e)) -> Maybe (c0 (K1 i c p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> K1 i c p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> K1 i c p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> K1 i c p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> K1 i c p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> K1 i c p -> m (K1 i c p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> K1 i c p -> m (K1 i c p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> K1 i c p -> m (K1 i c p) # | |
(Data a, Data b, Data c, Data d) => Data (a, b, c, d) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d0 b0. Data d0 => c0 (d0 -> b0) -> d0 -> c0 b0) -> (forall g. g -> c0 g) -> (a, b, c, d) -> c0 (a, b, c, d) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c0 (b0 -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (a, b, c, d) # toConstr :: (a, b, c, d) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a, b, c, d) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d0. Data d0 => c0 (t d0)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d0 e. (Data d0, Data e) => c0 (t d0 e)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d) -> m (a, b, c, d) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d) -> m (a, b, c, d) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d) -> m (a, b, c, d) # | |
(Typeable a, Typeable f, Typeable g, Typeable k1, Typeable k2, Data (f (g a))) => Data (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> Compose f g a -> c (Compose f g a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Compose f g a) # toConstr :: Compose f g a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Compose f g a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Compose f g a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Compose f g a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Compose f g a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Compose f g a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Compose f g a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Compose f g a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # | |
(Typeable f, Typeable g, Data p, Data (f (g p))) => Data ((f :.: g) p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> (f :.: g) p -> c ((f :.: g) p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c ((f :.: g) p) # toConstr :: (f :.: g) p -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (f :.: g) p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c ((f :.: g) p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c ((f :.: g) p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (f :.: g) p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (f :.: g) p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (f :.: g) p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (f :.: g) p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :.: g) p -> m ((f :.: g) p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :.: g) p -> m ((f :.: g) p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (f :.: g) p -> m ((f :.: g) p) # | |
(Data p, Data (f p), Typeable c, Typeable i, Typeable f) => Data (M1 i c f p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c0 (d -> b) -> d -> c0 b) -> (forall g. g -> c0 g) -> M1 i c f p -> c0 (M1 i c f p) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c0 (b -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (M1 i c f p) # toConstr :: M1 i c f p -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: M1 i c f p -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c0 (t d)) -> Maybe (c0 (M1 i c f p)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c0 (t d e)) -> Maybe (c0 (M1 i c f p)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> M1 i c f p -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> M1 i c f p -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> M1 i c f p -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> M1 i c f p -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> M1 i c f p -> m (M1 i c f p) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> M1 i c f p -> m (M1 i c f p) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> M1 i c f p -> m (M1 i c f p) # | |
(Data a, Data b, Data c, Data d, Data e) => Data (a, b, c, d, e) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d0 b0. Data d0 => c0 (d0 -> b0) -> d0 -> c0 b0) -> (forall g. g -> c0 g) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> c0 (a, b, c, d, e) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c0 (b0 -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (a, b, c, d, e) # toConstr :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d0. Data d0 => c0 (t d0)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d, e)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d0 e0. (Data d0, Data e0) => c0 (t d0 e0)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d, e)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> m (a, b, c, d, e) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> m (a, b, c, d, e) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> m (a, b, c, d, e) # | |
(Data a, Data b, Data c, Data d, Data e, Data f) => Data (a, b, c, d, e, f) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d0 b0. Data d0 => c0 (d0 -> b0) -> d0 -> c0 b0) -> (forall g. g -> c0 g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c0 (b0 -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f) # toConstr :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d0. Data d0 => c0 (t d0)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d0 e0. (Data d0, Data e0) => c0 (t d0 e0)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> m (a, b, c, d, e, f) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> m (a, b, c, d, e, f) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> m (a, b, c, d, e, f) # | |
(Data a, Data b, Data c, Data d, Data e, Data f, Data g) => Data (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d0 b0. Data d0 => c0 (d0 -> b0) -> d0 -> c0 b0) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c0 g0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c0 (b0 -> r) -> c0 r) -> (forall r. r -> c0 r) -> Constr -> c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) # toConstr :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d0. Data d0 => c0 (t d0)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d0 e0. (Data d0, Data e0) => c0 (t d0 e0)) -> Maybe (c0 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g)) # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> r') -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> u) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> m (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> m (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d0. Data d0 => d0 -> m d0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> m (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) # |
class (forall a. Functor (p a)) => Bifunctor (p :: Type -> Type -> Type) where #
A bifunctor is a type constructor that takes
two type arguments and is a functor in both arguments. That
is, unlike with Functor
, a type constructor such as Either
does not need to be partially applied for a Bifunctor
instance, and the methods in this class permit mapping
functions over the Left
value or the Right
value,
or both at the same time.
Formally, the class Bifunctor
represents a bifunctor
from Hask
-> Hask
.
Intuitively it is a bifunctor where both the first and second arguments are covariant.
You can define a Bifunctor
by either defining bimap
or by
defining both first
and second
. A partially applied Bifunctor
must be a Functor
and the second
method must agree with fmap
.
From this it follows that:
second
id
=id
If you supply bimap
, you should ensure that:
bimap
id
id
≡id
If you supply first
and second
, ensure:
first
id
≡id
second
id
≡id
If you supply both, you should also ensure:
bimap
f g ≡first
f.
second
g
These ensure by parametricity:
bimap
(f.
g) (h.
i) ≡bimap
f h.
bimap
g ifirst
(f.
g) ≡first
f.
first
gsecond
(f.
g) ≡second
f.
second
g
Since 4.18.0.0 Functor
is a superclass of 'Bifunctor.
Since: base-4.8.0.0
Methods
bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> p a c -> p b d #
Map over both arguments at the same time.
bimap
f g ≡first
f.
second
g
Examples
>>>
bimap toUpper (+1) ('j', 3)
('J',4)
>>>
bimap toUpper (+1) (Left 'j')
Left 'J'
>>>
bimap toUpper (+1) (Right 3)
Right 4
Instances
Bifunctor Either | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Bifunctor Arg | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bifunctor (,) | Class laws for tuples hold only up to laziness. Both
Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Bifunctor (Const :: Type -> Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Bifunctor ((,,) x1) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Bifunctor (K1 i :: Type -> Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bifunctor ((,,,) x1 x2) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Bifunctor ((,,,,) x1 x2 x3) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Bifunctor ((,,,,,) x1 x2 x3 x4) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Bifunctor ((,,,,,,) x1 x2 x3 x4 x5) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
The Maybe
type encapsulates an optional value. A value of type
either contains a value of type Maybe
aa
(represented as
),
or it is empty (represented as Just
aNothing
). Using Maybe
is a good way to
deal with errors or exceptional cases without resorting to drastic
measures such as error
.
The Maybe
type is also a monad. It is a simple kind of error
monad, where all errors are represented by Nothing
. A richer
error monad can be built using the Either
type.
Instances
MonadFail Maybe | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Monad.Fail | |
MonadFix Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Control.Monad.Fix | |
Foldable Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => Maybe m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Maybe a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Maybe a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Maybe a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Maybe a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> Maybe a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Maybe a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => Maybe a -> a # | |
Eq1 Maybe | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord1 Maybe | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Classes | |
Read1 Maybe | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Classes | |
Show1 Maybe | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Traversable Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
Alternative Maybe | Picks the leftmost Since: base-2.1 |
Applicative Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
MonadPlus Maybe | Picks the leftmost Since: base-2.1 |
Generic1 Maybe | |
Data a => Data (Maybe a) | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Maybe a -> c (Maybe a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Maybe a) # toConstr :: Maybe a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Maybe a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Maybe a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Maybe a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Maybe a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Maybe a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Maybe a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Maybe a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe a) # | |
Semigroup a => Monoid (Maybe a) | Lift a semigroup into Since 4.11.0: constraint on inner Since: base-2.1 |
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Maybe a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic (Maybe a) | |
SingKind a => SingKind (Maybe a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Associated Types type DemoteRep (Maybe a) | |
Read a => Read (Maybe a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Show a => Show (Maybe a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Maybe a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord a => Ord (Maybe a) | Since: base-2.1 |
SingI ('Nothing :: Maybe a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
SingI a2 => SingI ('Just a2 :: Maybe a1) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
type Rep1 Maybe | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
type DemoteRep (Maybe a) | |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
type Rep (Maybe a) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
data Sing (b :: Maybe a) | |
A monad supporting atomic memory transactions.
Instances
Alternative STM | Takes the first non- Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Applicative STM | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor STM | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Monad STM | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
MonadPlus STM | Takes the first non- Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Monoid a => Monoid (STM a) | Since: base-4.17.0.0 |
Semigroup a => Semigroup (STM a) | Since: base-4.17.0.0 |
A value of type
is a computation which, when performed,
does some I/O before returning a value of type IO
aa
.
There is really only one way to "perform" an I/O action: bind it to
Main.main
in your program. When your program is run, the I/O will
be performed. It isn't possible to perform I/O from an arbitrary
function, unless that function is itself in the IO
monad and called
at some point, directly or indirectly, from Main.main
.
IO
is a monad, so IO
actions can be combined using either the do-notation
or the >>
and >>=
operations from the Monad
class.
Instances
MonadFail IO | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Monad.Fail | |
MonadFix IO | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Control.Monad.Fix | |
MonadIO IO | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Monad.IO.Class | |
Alternative IO | Takes the first non-throwing Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Applicative IO | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor IO | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad IO | Since: base-2.1 |
MonadPlus IO | Takes the first non-throwing Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monoid a => Monoid (IO a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Semigroup a => Semigroup (IO a) | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
a ~ () => HPrintfType (IO a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
a ~ () => PrintfType (IO a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Text.Printf |
Monoid under addition.
Sum a <> Sum b = Sum (a + b)
Examples
>>>
Sum 1 <> Sum 2 <> mempty
Sum {getSum = 3}
>>>
mconcat [ Sum n | n <- [3 .. 9]]
Sum {getSum = 42}
Instances
MonadFix Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Monad.Fix | |
Foldable Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => Sum m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Sum a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Sum a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Sum a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Sum a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> Sum a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Sum a -> a # | |
Traversable Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Applicative Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Generic1 Sum | |
Data a => Data (Sum a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Sum a -> c (Sum a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Sum a) # dataTypeOf :: Sum a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Sum a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Sum a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Sum a -> Sum a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Sum a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Sum a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Sum a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Sum a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum a -> m (Sum a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum a -> m (Sum a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Sum a -> m (Sum a) # | |
Num a => Monoid (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Num a => Semigroup (Sum a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Generic (Sum a) | |
Num a => Num (Sum a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Read a => Read (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Show a => Show (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord a => Ord (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
type Rep1 Sum | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal | |
type Rep (Sum a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal |
Monoid under multiplication.
Product x <> Product y == Product (x * y)
Examples
>>>
Product 3 <> Product 4 <> mempty
Product {getProduct = 12}
>>>
mconcat [ Product n | n <- [2 .. 10]]
Product {getProduct = 3628800}
Constructors
Product | |
Fields
|
Instances
MonadFix Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Monad.Fix | |
Foldable Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => Product m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Product a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Product a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Product a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Product a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> Product a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Product a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => Product a -> a # | |
Traversable Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Applicative Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Generic1 Product | |
Data a => Data (Product a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Product a -> c (Product a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Product a) # toConstr :: Product a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Product a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Product a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Product a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Product a -> Product a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Product a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Product a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Product a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Product a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product a -> m (Product a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product a -> m (Product a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Product a -> m (Product a) # | |
Num a => Monoid (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Num a => Semigroup (Product a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Generic (Product a) | |
Num a => Num (Product a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal | |
Read a => Read (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Show a => Show (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord a => Ord (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
type Rep1 Product | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal | |
type Rep (Product a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal |
IsString
is used in combination with the -XOverloadedStrings
language extension to convert the literals to different string types.
For example, if you use the text package, you can say
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-} myText = "hello world" :: Text
Internally, the extension will convert this to the equivalent of
myText = fromString @Text ("hello world" :: String)
Note: You can use fromString
in normal code as well,
but the usual performance/memory efficiency problems with String
apply.
Methods
fromString :: String -> a #
Instances
IsString a => IsString (Identity a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.String Methods fromString :: String -> Identity a # | |
a ~ Char => IsString [a] |
Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Data.String Methods fromString :: String -> [a] # | |
IsString a => IsString (Const a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.String Methods fromString :: String -> Const a b # |
The character type Char
is an enumeration whose values represent
Unicode (or equivalently ISO/IEC 10646) code points (i.e. characters, see
http://www.unicode.org/ for details). This set extends the ISO 8859-1
(Latin-1) character set (the first 256 characters), which is itself an extension
of the ASCII character set (the first 128 characters). A character literal in
Haskell has type Char
.
To convert a Char
to or from the corresponding Int
value defined
by Unicode, use toEnum
and fromEnum
from the
Enum
class respectively (or equivalently ord
and
chr
).
Instances
Data Char | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Char -> c Char # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Char # dataTypeOf :: Char -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Char) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Char) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Char -> Char # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Char -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Char -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Char -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Char -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char # | |
Storable Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Foreign.Storable | |
Bounded Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Ix Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Show Char | Since: base-2.1 |
IsChar Char | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Char | |
Ord Char | |
Generic1 (URec Char :: k -> Type) | |
Foldable (UChar :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => UChar m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UChar a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UChar a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UChar a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UChar a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> UChar a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => UChar a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => UChar a -> a # | |
Traversable (UChar :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec Char :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic (URec Char p) | |
Show (URec Char p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (URec Char p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord (URec Char p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
data URec Char (p :: k) | Used for marking occurrences of Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
type Rep1 (URec Char :: k -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
type Rep (URec Char p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics |
class (Real a, Enum a) => Integral a where #
Integral numbers, supporting integer division.
The Haskell Report defines no laws for Integral
. However, Integral
instances are customarily expected to define a Euclidean domain and have the
following properties for the div
/mod
and quot
/rem
pairs, given
suitable Euclidean functions f
and g
:
x
=y * quot x y + rem x y
withrem x y
=fromInteger 0
org (rem x y)
<g y
x
=y * div x y + mod x y
withmod x y
=fromInteger 0
orf (mod x y)
<f y
An example of a suitable Euclidean function, for Integer
's instance, is
abs
.
In addition, toInteger
should be total, and fromInteger
should be a left
inverse for it, i.e. fromInteger (toInteger i) = i
.
Methods
quot :: a -> a -> a infixl 7 #
integer division truncated toward zero
WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as
the divisor) for all the integer types in base
.
integer remainder, satisfying
(x `quot` y)*y + (x `rem` y) == x
WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as
the divisor) for all the integer types in base
.
integer division truncated toward negative infinity
WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as
the divisor) for all the integer types in base
.
integer modulus, satisfying
(x `div` y)*y + (x `mod` y) == x
WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as
the divisor) for all the integer types in base
.
WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as
the divisor) for all the integer types in base
.
WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as
the divisor) for all the integer types in base
.
conversion to Integer
Instances
A fixed-precision integer type with at least the range [-2^29 .. 2^29-1]
.
The exact range for a given implementation can be determined by using
minBound
and maxBound
from the Bounded
class.
Instances
Data Int | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int -> c Int # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int # dataTypeOf :: Int -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int -> Int # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int -> m Int # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int -> m Int # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int -> m Int # | |
Storable Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Foreign.Storable | |
Bits Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Bits | |
FiniteBits Int | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Bits Methods finiteBitSize :: Int -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Int -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Int -> Int # | |
Bounded Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Ix Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Int | Since: base-2.0.1 |
Real Int | Since: base-2.0.1 |
Defined in GHC.Real Methods toRational :: Int -> Rational # | |
Show Int | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Int | |
Ord Int | |
Generic1 (URec Int :: k -> Type) | |
Foldable (UInt :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => UInt m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UInt a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UInt a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UInt a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UInt a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> UInt a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => UInt a -> a # | |
Traversable (UInt :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec Int :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic (URec Int p) | |
Show (URec Int p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (URec Int p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord (URec Int p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
data URec Int (p :: k) | Used for marking occurrences of Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
type Rep1 (URec Int :: k -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
type Rep (URec Int p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics |
String
is an alias for a list of characters.
String constants in Haskell are values of type String
.
That means if you write a string literal like "hello world"
,
it will have the type [Char]
, which is the same as String
.
Note: You can ask the compiler to automatically infer different types
with the -XOverloadedStrings
language extension, for example
"hello world" :: Text
. See IsString
for more information.
Because String
is just a list of characters, you can use normal list functions
to do basic string manipulation. See Data.List for operations on lists.
Performance considerations
[Char]
is a relatively memory-inefficient type.
It is a linked list of boxed word-size characters, internally it looks something like:
╭─────┬───┬──╮ ╭─────┬───┬──╮ ╭─────┬───┬──╮ ╭────╮ │ (:) │ │ ─┼─>│ (:) │ │ ─┼─>│ (:) │ │ ─┼─>│ [] │ ╰─────┴─┼─┴──╯ ╰─────┴─┼─┴──╯ ╰─────┴─┼─┴──╯ ╰────╯ v v v 'a' 'b' 'c'
The String
"abc" will use 5*3+1 = 16
(in general 5n+1
)
words of space in memory.
Furthermore, operations like (++)
(string concatenation) are O(n)
(in the left argument).
For historical reasons, the base
library uses String
in a lot of places
for the conceptual simplicity, but library code dealing with user-data
should use the text
package for Unicode text, or the the
bytestring package
for binary data.
class (Alternative m, Monad m) => MonadPlus (m :: Type -> Type) where #
Monads that also support choice and failure.
Minimal complete definition
Nothing
Methods
The identity of mplus
. It should also satisfy the equations
mzero >>= f = mzero v >> mzero = mzero
The default definition is
mzero = empty
An associative operation. The default definition is
mplus = (<|>
)
Instances
MonadPlus STM | Takes the first non- Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
MonadPlus P | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP | |
MonadPlus ReadP | Since: base-2.1 |
MonadPlus ReadPrec | Since: base-2.1 |
MonadPlus IO | Takes the first non-throwing Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
MonadPlus Maybe | Picks the leftmost Since: base-2.1 |
MonadPlus List | Combines lists by concatenation, starting from the empty list. Since: base-2.1 |
(ArrowApply a, ArrowPlus a) => MonadPlus (ArrowMonad a) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Arrow | |
MonadPlus (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
MonadPlus (U1 :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
MonadPlus m => MonadPlus (Kleisli m a) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
MonadPlus f => MonadPlus (Ap f) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
MonadPlus f => MonadPlus (Alt f) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
MonadPlus f => MonadPlus (Rec1 f) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(MonadPlus f, MonadPlus g) => MonadPlus (Product f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(MonadPlus f, MonadPlus g) => MonadPlus (f :*: g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
MonadPlus f => MonadPlus (M1 i c f) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Parsing of String
s, producing values.
Derived instances of Read
make the following assumptions, which
derived instances of Show
obey:
- If the constructor is defined to be an infix operator, then the
derived
Read
instance will parse only infix applications of the constructor (not the prefix form). - Associativity is not used to reduce the occurrence of parentheses, although precedence may be.
- If the constructor is defined using record syntax, the derived
Read
will parse only the record-syntax form, and furthermore, the fields must be given in the same order as the original declaration. - The derived
Read
instance allows arbitrary Haskell whitespace between tokens of the input string. Extra parentheses are also allowed.
For example, given the declarations
infixr 5 :^: data Tree a = Leaf a | Tree a :^: Tree a
the derived instance of Read
in Haskell 2010 is equivalent to
instance (Read a) => Read (Tree a) where readsPrec d r = readParen (d > app_prec) (\r -> [(Leaf m,t) | ("Leaf",s) <- lex r, (m,t) <- readsPrec (app_prec+1) s]) r ++ readParen (d > up_prec) (\r -> [(u:^:v,w) | (u,s) <- readsPrec (up_prec+1) r, (":^:",t) <- lex s, (v,w) <- readsPrec (up_prec+1) t]) r where app_prec = 10 up_prec = 5
Note that right-associativity of :^:
is unused.
The derived instance in GHC is equivalent to
instance (Read a) => Read (Tree a) where readPrec = parens $ (prec app_prec $ do Ident "Leaf" <- lexP m <- step readPrec return (Leaf m)) +++ (prec up_prec $ do u <- step readPrec Symbol ":^:" <- lexP v <- step readPrec return (u :^: v)) where app_prec = 10 up_prec = 5 readListPrec = readListPrecDefault
Why do both readsPrec
and readPrec
exist, and why does GHC opt to
implement readPrec
in derived Read
instances instead of readsPrec
?
The reason is that readsPrec
is based on the ReadS
type, and although
ReadS
is mentioned in the Haskell 2010 Report, it is not a very efficient
parser data structure.
readPrec
, on the other hand, is based on a much more efficient ReadPrec
datatype (a.k.a "new-style parsers"), but its definition relies on the use
of the RankNTypes
language extension. Therefore, readPrec
(and its
cousin, readListPrec
) are marked as GHC-only. Nevertheless, it is
recommended to use readPrec
instead of readsPrec
whenever possible
for the efficiency improvements it brings.
As mentioned above, derived Read
instances in GHC will implement
readPrec
instead of readsPrec
. The default implementations of
readsPrec
(and its cousin, readList
) will simply use readPrec
under
the hood. If you are writing a Read
instance by hand, it is recommended
to write it like so:
instanceRead
T wherereadPrec
= ...readListPrec
=readListPrecDefault
Methods
Arguments
:: Int | the operator precedence of the enclosing
context (a number from |
-> ReadS a |
attempts to parse a value from the front of the string, returning a list of (parsed value, remaining string) pairs. If there is no successful parse, the returned list is empty.
Derived instances of Read
and Show
satisfy the following:
That is, readsPrec
parses the string produced by
showsPrec
, and delivers the value that
showsPrec
started with.
The method readList
is provided to allow the programmer to
give a specialised way of parsing lists of values.
For example, this is used by the predefined Read
instance of
the Char
type, where values of type String
should be are
expected to use double quotes, rather than square brackets.
Proposed replacement for readsPrec
using new-style parsers (GHC only).
readListPrec :: ReadPrec [a] #
Proposed replacement for readList
using new-style parsers (GHC only).
The default definition uses readList
. Instances that define readPrec
should also define readListPrec
as readListPrecDefault
.
Instances
Read All | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Any | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Version | Since: base-2.1 |
Read CBool | |
Read CChar | |
Read CClock | |
Read CDouble | |
Read CFloat | |
Read CInt | |
Read CIntMax | |
Read CIntPtr | |
Read CLLong | |
Read CLong | |
Read CPtrdiff | |
Read CSChar | |
Read CSUSeconds | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS CSUSeconds # readList :: ReadS [CSUSeconds] # readPrec :: ReadPrec CSUSeconds # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [CSUSeconds] # | |
Read CShort | |
Read CSigAtomic | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS CSigAtomic # readList :: ReadS [CSigAtomic] # readPrec :: ReadPrec CSigAtomic # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [CSigAtomic] # | |
Read CSize | |
Read CTime | |
Read CUChar | |
Read CUInt | |
Read CUIntMax | |
Read CUIntPtr | |
Read CULLong | |
Read CULong | |
Read CUSeconds | |
Read CUShort | |
Read CWchar | |
Read IntPtr | |
Read WordPtr | |
Read Void | Reading a Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Read Associativity | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS Associativity # readList :: ReadS [Associativity] # | |
Read DecidedStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS DecidedStrictness # readList :: ReadS [DecidedStrictness] # | |
Read Fixity | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Read SourceStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS SourceStrictness # readList :: ReadS [SourceStrictness] # | |
Read SourceUnpackedness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS SourceUnpackedness # readList :: ReadS [SourceUnpackedness] # | |
Read SeekMode | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Read ExitCode | |
Read BufferMode | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS BufferMode # readList :: ReadS [BufferMode] # readPrec :: ReadPrec BufferMode # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [BufferMode] # | |
Read Newline | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Read NewlineMode | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS NewlineMode # readList :: ReadS [NewlineMode] # readPrec :: ReadPrec NewlineMode # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [NewlineMode] # | |
Read IOMode | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Read Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read GeneralCategory | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Read Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS GeneralCategory # readList :: ReadS [GeneralCategory] # | |
Read Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read CBlkCnt | |
Read CBlkSize | |
Read CCc | |
Read CClockId | |
Read CDev | |
Read CFsBlkCnt | |
Read CFsFilCnt | |
Read CGid | |
Read CId | |
Read CIno | |
Read CKey | |
Read CMode | |
Read CNfds | |
Read CNlink | |
Read COff | |
Read CPid | |
Read CRLim | |
Read CSocklen | |
Read CSpeed | |
Read CSsize | |
Read CTcflag | |
Read CUid | |
Read Fd | |
Read Lexeme | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Ordering | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Integer | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Read () | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Bool | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Double | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Float | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word | Since: base-4.5.0.0 |
Read a => Read (ZipList a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Read a => Read (And a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Read a => Read (Iff a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Read a => Read (Ior a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Read a => Read (Xor a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Read a => Read (Complex a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (Identity a) | This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the
Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Read a => Read (First a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (Last a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (Down a) | This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the
Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Read a => Read (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Read a => Read (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Read a => Read (Max a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Read a => Read (Min a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Read m => Read (WrappedMonoid m) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (WrappedMonoid m) # readList :: ReadS [WrappedMonoid m] # readPrec :: ReadPrec (WrappedMonoid m) # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [WrappedMonoid m] # | |
Read a => Read (Dual a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (NonEmpty a) | Since: base-4.11.0.0 |
Read p => Read (Par1 p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Integral a, Read a) => Read (Ratio a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (Maybe a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (a) | Since: base-4.15 |
Read a => Read [a] | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b) => Read (Either a b) | Since: base-3.0 |
HasResolution a => Read (Fixed a) | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Read (Proxy t) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Read a, Read b) => Read (Arg a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Ix a, Read a, Read b) => Read (Array a b) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read (U1 p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Read (V1 p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Read a, Read b) => Read (a, b) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read a => Read (Const a b) | This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the
Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Read (f a) => Read (Ap f a) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
Read (f a) => Read (Alt f a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
a ~ b => Read (a :~: b) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Read (f p) => Read (Rec1 f p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c) => Read (a, b, c) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read (f a), Read (g a)) => Read (Product f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
(Read (f a), Read (g a)) => Read (Sum f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
a ~~ b => Read (a :~~: b) | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
(Read (f p), Read (g p)) => Read ((f :*: g) p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Read (f p), Read (g p)) => Read ((f :+: g) p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Read c => Read (K1 i c p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d) => Read (a, b, c, d) | Since: base-2.1 |
Read (f (g a)) => Read (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Read (f (g p)) => Read ((f :.: g) p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Read (f p) => Read (M1 i c f p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e) => Read (a, b, c, d, e) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l, Read m) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l, Read m, Read n) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l, Read m, Read n, Read o) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Read |
Natural number
Invariant: numbers <= 0xffffffffffffffff use the NS
constructor
Instances
Data Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Natural -> c Natural # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Natural # toConstr :: Natural -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Natural -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Natural) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Natural) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Natural -> Natural # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Natural -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Natural -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Natural -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Natural -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Natural -> m Natural # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Natural -> m Natural # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Natural -> m Natural # | |
Bits Natural | Since: base-4.8.0 |
Defined in GHC.Bits Methods (.&.) :: Natural -> Natural -> Natural # (.|.) :: Natural -> Natural -> Natural # xor :: Natural -> Natural -> Natural # complement :: Natural -> Natural # shift :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # rotate :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # setBit :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # clearBit :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # complementBit :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # testBit :: Natural -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Natural -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # unsafeShiftL :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # shiftR :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # unsafeShiftR :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # rotateL :: Natural -> Int -> Natural # | |
Enum Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Ix Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Ix | |
Num Natural | Note that Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Read Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Integral Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Real | |
Real Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Real Methods toRational :: Natural -> Rational # | |
Show Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
PrintfArg Natural | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Natural | |
Ord Natural | |
KnownNat n => HasResolution (n :: Nat) | For example, |
Defined in Data.Fixed Methods resolution :: p n -> Integer # |
Conversion of values to readable String
s.
Derived instances of Show
have the following properties, which
are compatible with derived instances of Read
:
- The result of
show
is a syntactically correct Haskell expression containing only constants, given the fixity declarations in force at the point where the type is declared. It contains only the constructor names defined in the data type, parentheses, and spaces. When labelled constructor fields are used, braces, commas, field names, and equal signs are also used. - If the constructor is defined to be an infix operator, then
showsPrec
will produce infix applications of the constructor. - the representation will be enclosed in parentheses if the
precedence of the top-level constructor in
x
is less thand
(associativity is ignored). Thus, ifd
is0
then the result is never surrounded in parentheses; ifd
is11
it is always surrounded in parentheses, unless it is an atomic expression. - If the constructor is defined using record syntax, then
show
will produce the record-syntax form, with the fields given in the same order as the original declaration.
For example, given the declarations
infixr 5 :^: data Tree a = Leaf a | Tree a :^: Tree a
the derived instance of Show
is equivalent to
instance (Show a) => Show (Tree a) where showsPrec d (Leaf m) = showParen (d > app_prec) $ showString "Leaf " . showsPrec (app_prec+1) m where app_prec = 10 showsPrec d (u :^: v) = showParen (d > up_prec) $ showsPrec (up_prec+1) u . showString " :^: " . showsPrec (up_prec+1) v where up_prec = 5
Note that right-associativity of :^:
is ignored. For example,
produces the stringshow
(Leaf 1 :^: Leaf 2 :^: Leaf 3)"Leaf 1 :^: (Leaf 2 :^: Leaf 3)"
.
Methods
Arguments
:: Int | the operator precedence of the enclosing
context (a number from |
-> a | the value to be converted to a |
-> ShowS |
Convert a value to a readable String
.
showsPrec
should satisfy the law
showsPrec d x r ++ s == showsPrec d x (r ++ s)
Derived instances of Read
and Show
satisfy the following:
That is, readsPrec
parses the string produced by
showsPrec
, and delivers the value that showsPrec
started with.
Instances
The member functions of this class facilitate writing values of primitive types to raw memory (which may have been allocated with the above mentioned routines) and reading values from blocks of raw memory. The class, furthermore, includes support for computing the storage requirements and alignment restrictions of storable types.
Memory addresses are represented as values of type
, for some
Ptr
aa
which is an instance of class Storable
. The type argument to
Ptr
helps provide some valuable type safety in FFI code (you can't
mix pointers of different types without an explicit cast), while
helping the Haskell type system figure out which marshalling method is
needed for a given pointer.
All marshalling between Haskell and a foreign language ultimately
boils down to translating Haskell data structures into the binary
representation of a corresponding data structure of the foreign
language and vice versa. To code this marshalling in Haskell, it is
necessary to manipulate primitive data types stored in unstructured
memory blocks. The class Storable
facilitates this manipulation on
all types for which it is instantiated, which are the standard basic
types of Haskell, the fixed size Int
types (Int8
, Int16
,
Int32
, Int64
), the fixed size Word
types (Word8
, Word16
,
Word32
, Word64
), StablePtr
, all types from Foreign.C.Types,
as well as Ptr
.
Minimal complete definition
sizeOf, alignment, (peek | peekElemOff | peekByteOff), (poke | pokeElemOff | pokeByteOff)
Methods
Computes the storage requirements (in bytes) of the argument. The value of the argument is not used.
Computes the alignment constraint of the argument. An
alignment constraint x
is fulfilled by any address divisible
by x
. The alignment must be a power of two if this instance
is to be used with alloca
or allocaArray
. The value of
the argument is not used.
peekElemOff :: Ptr a -> Int -> IO a #
Read a value from a memory area regarded as an array
of values of the same kind. The first argument specifies
the start address of the array and the second the index into
the array (the first element of the array has index
0
). The following equality holds,
peekElemOff addr idx = IOExts.fixIO $ \result -> peek (addr `plusPtr` (idx * sizeOf result))
Note that this is only a specification, not necessarily the concrete implementation of the function.
pokeElemOff :: Ptr a -> Int -> a -> IO () #
Write a value to a memory area regarded as an array of values of the same kind. The following equality holds:
pokeElemOff addr idx x = poke (addr `plusPtr` (idx * sizeOf x)) x
peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO a #
Read a value from a memory location given by a base address and offset. The following equality holds:
peekByteOff addr off = peek (addr `plusPtr` off)
pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> a -> IO () #
Write a value to a memory location given by a base address and offset. The following equality holds:
pokeByteOff addr off x = poke (addr `plusPtr` off) x
Read a value from the given memory location.
Note that the peek and poke functions might require properly
aligned addresses to function correctly. This is architecture
dependent; thus, portable code should ensure that when peeking or
poking values of some type a
, the alignment
constraint for a
, as given by the function
alignment
is fulfilled.
Write the given value to the given memory location. Alignment
restrictions might apply; see peek
.
Instances
8-bit signed integer type
Instances
Data Int8 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int8 -> c Int8 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int8 # dataTypeOf :: Int8 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int8) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int8) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int8 -> Int8 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int8 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int8 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int8 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int8 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int8 -> m Int8 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int8 -> m Int8 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int8 -> m Int8 # | |
Storable Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Foreign.Storable | |
Bits Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods (.&.) :: Int8 -> Int8 -> Int8 # (.|.) :: Int8 -> Int8 -> Int8 # complement :: Int8 -> Int8 # shift :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # rotate :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # setBit :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # clearBit :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # complementBit :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # testBit :: Int8 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Int8 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # unsafeShiftL :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # shiftR :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # unsafeShiftR :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # rotateL :: Int8 -> Int -> Int8 # | |
FiniteBits Int8 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods finiteBitSize :: Int8 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Int8 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Int8 -> Int # | |
Bounded Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ix Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods toRational :: Int8 -> Rational # | |
Show Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
16-bit signed integer type
Instances
Data Int16 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int16 -> c Int16 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int16 # dataTypeOf :: Int16 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int16) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int16) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int16 -> Int16 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int16 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int16 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int16 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int16 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int16 -> m Int16 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int16 -> m Int16 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int16 -> m Int16 # | |
Storable Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bits Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods (.&.) :: Int16 -> Int16 -> Int16 # (.|.) :: Int16 -> Int16 -> Int16 # xor :: Int16 -> Int16 -> Int16 # complement :: Int16 -> Int16 # shift :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # rotate :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # setBit :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # clearBit :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # complementBit :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # testBit :: Int16 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Int16 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # unsafeShiftL :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # shiftR :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # unsafeShiftR :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # rotateL :: Int16 -> Int -> Int16 # | |
FiniteBits Int16 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods finiteBitSize :: Int16 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Int16 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Int16 -> Int # | |
Bounded Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ix Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods toRational :: Int16 -> Rational # | |
Show Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
32-bit signed integer type
Instances
Data Int32 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int32 -> c Int32 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int32 # dataTypeOf :: Int32 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int32) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int32) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int32 -> Int32 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int32 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int32 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int32 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int32 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int32 -> m Int32 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int32 -> m Int32 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int32 -> m Int32 # | |
Storable Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bits Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods (.&.) :: Int32 -> Int32 -> Int32 # (.|.) :: Int32 -> Int32 -> Int32 # xor :: Int32 -> Int32 -> Int32 # complement :: Int32 -> Int32 # shift :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # rotate :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # setBit :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # clearBit :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # complementBit :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # testBit :: Int32 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Int32 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # unsafeShiftL :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # shiftR :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # unsafeShiftR :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # rotateL :: Int32 -> Int -> Int32 # | |
FiniteBits Int32 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods finiteBitSize :: Int32 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Int32 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Int32 -> Int # | |
Bounded Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ix Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods toRational :: Int32 -> Rational # | |
Show Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
64-bit signed integer type
Instances
Data Int64 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Int64 -> c Int64 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Int64 # dataTypeOf :: Int64 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Int64) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Int64) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Int64 -> Int64 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int64 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Int64 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int64 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Int64 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int64 -> m Int64 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int64 -> m Int64 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Int64 -> m Int64 # | |
Storable Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bits Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods (.&.) :: Int64 -> Int64 -> Int64 # (.|.) :: Int64 -> Int64 -> Int64 # xor :: Int64 -> Int64 -> Int64 # complement :: Int64 -> Int64 # shift :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # rotate :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # setBit :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # clearBit :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # complementBit :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # testBit :: Int64 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Int64 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # unsafeShiftL :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # shiftR :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # unsafeShiftR :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # rotateL :: Int64 -> Int -> Int64 # | |
FiniteBits Int64 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods finiteBitSize :: Int64 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Int64 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Int64 -> Int # | |
Bounded Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ix Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Int Methods toRational :: Int64 -> Rational # | |
Show Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
8-bit unsigned integer type
Instances
Data Word8 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word8 -> c Word8 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word8 # dataTypeOf :: Word8 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word8) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word8) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word8 -> Word8 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word8 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word8 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word8 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word8 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word8 -> m Word8 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word8 -> m Word8 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word8 -> m Word8 # | |
Storable Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bits Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods (.&.) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8 # (.|.) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8 # xor :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8 # complement :: Word8 -> Word8 # shift :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # rotate :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # setBit :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # clearBit :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # complementBit :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # testBit :: Word8 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Word8 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # unsafeShiftL :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # shiftR :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # unsafeShiftR :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # rotateL :: Word8 -> Int -> Word8 # | |
FiniteBits Word8 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods finiteBitSize :: Word8 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Word8 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Word8 -> Int # | |
Bounded Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ix Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods toRational :: Word8 -> Rational # | |
Show Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
16-bit unsigned integer type
Instances
Data Word16 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word16 -> c Word16 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word16 # toConstr :: Word16 -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Word16 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word16) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word16) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word16 -> Word16 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word16 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word16 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word16 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word16 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word16 -> m Word16 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word16 -> m Word16 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word16 -> m Word16 # | |
Storable Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bits Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods (.&.) :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Word16 # (.|.) :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Word16 # xor :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Word16 # complement :: Word16 -> Word16 # shift :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # rotate :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # setBit :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # clearBit :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # complementBit :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # testBit :: Word16 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Word16 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # unsafeShiftL :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # shiftR :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # unsafeShiftR :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # rotateL :: Word16 -> Int -> Word16 # | |
FiniteBits Word16 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods finiteBitSize :: Word16 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Word16 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Word16 -> Int # | |
Bounded Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word | |
Ix Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods toRational :: Word16 -> Rational # | |
Show Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
32-bit unsigned integer type
Instances
Data Word32 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word32 -> c Word32 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word32 # toConstr :: Word32 -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Word32 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word32) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word32) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word32 -> Word32 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word32 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word32 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word32 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word32 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word32 -> m Word32 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word32 -> m Word32 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word32 -> m Word32 # | |
Storable Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bits Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods (.&.) :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Word32 # (.|.) :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Word32 # xor :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Word32 # complement :: Word32 -> Word32 # shift :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # rotate :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # setBit :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # clearBit :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # complementBit :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # testBit :: Word32 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Word32 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # unsafeShiftL :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # shiftR :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # unsafeShiftR :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # rotateL :: Word32 -> Int -> Word32 # | |
FiniteBits Word32 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods finiteBitSize :: Word32 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Word32 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Word32 -> Int # | |
Bounded Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word | |
Ix Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods toRational :: Word32 -> Rational # | |
Show Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
64-bit unsigned integer type
Instances
Data Word64 | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Word64 -> c Word64 # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Word64 # toConstr :: Word64 -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Word64 -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Word64) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Word64) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Word64 -> Word64 # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word64 -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Word64 -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word64 -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Word64 -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word64 -> m Word64 # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word64 -> m Word64 # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Word64 -> m Word64 # | |
Storable Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bits Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods (.&.) :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Word64 # (.|.) :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Word64 # xor :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Word64 # complement :: Word64 -> Word64 # shift :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # rotate :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # setBit :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # clearBit :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # complementBit :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # testBit :: Word64 -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Word64 -> Maybe Int # shiftL :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # unsafeShiftL :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # shiftR :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # unsafeShiftR :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # rotateL :: Word64 -> Int -> Word64 # | |
FiniteBits Word64 | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods finiteBitSize :: Word64 -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Word64 -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Word64 -> Int # | |
Bounded Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Enum Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word | |
Ix Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Read Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Integral Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Real Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Word Methods toRational :: Word64 -> Rational # | |
Show Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
PrintfArg Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Text.Printf | |
Eq Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
A stable pointer is a reference to a Haskell expression that is guaranteed not to be affected by garbage collection, i.e., it will neither be deallocated nor will the value of the stable pointer itself change during garbage collection (ordinary references may be relocated during garbage collection). Consequently, stable pointers can be passed to foreign code, which can treat it as an opaque reference to a Haskell value.
The StablePtr
0 is reserved for representing NULL in foreign code.
A value of type StablePtr a
is a stable pointer to a Haskell
expression of type a
.
Instances
Storable (StablePtr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Foreign.Storable Methods sizeOf :: StablePtr a -> Int # alignment :: StablePtr a -> Int # peekElemOff :: Ptr (StablePtr a) -> Int -> IO (StablePtr a) # pokeElemOff :: Ptr (StablePtr a) -> Int -> StablePtr a -> IO () # peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (StablePtr a) # pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> StablePtr a -> IO () # | |
Eq (StablePtr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
A value of type
represents a pointer to an object, or an
array of objects, which may be marshalled to or from Haskell values
of type Ptr
aa
.
The type a
will often be an instance of class
Storable
which provides the marshalling operations.
However this is not essential, and you can provide your own operations
to access the pointer. For example you might write small foreign
functions to get or set the fields of a C struct
.
Instances
Generic1 (URec (Ptr ()) :: k -> Type) | |
Data a => Data (Ptr a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Ptr a -> c (Ptr a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Ptr a) # dataTypeOf :: Ptr a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Ptr a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Ptr a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Ptr a -> Ptr a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ptr a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Ptr a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ptr a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Ptr a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Ptr a -> m (Ptr a) # | |
Foldable (UAddr :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Foldable Methods fold :: Monoid m => UAddr m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UAddr a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UAddr a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UAddr a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UAddr a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> UAddr a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => UAddr a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => UAddr a -> a # | |
Traversable (UAddr :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Storable (Ptr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Show (Ptr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq (Ptr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Ord (Ptr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor (URec (Ptr ()) :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic (URec (Ptr ()) p) | |
Eq (URec (Ptr ()) p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord (URec (Ptr ()) p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods compare :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Ordering # (<) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool # (<=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool # (>) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool # (>=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool # max :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p # min :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p # | |
data URec (Ptr ()) (p :: k) | Used for marking occurrences of Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
type Rep1 (URec (Ptr ()) :: k -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
type Rep (URec (Ptr ()) p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics |
Beware that Data.Semigroup.
Last
is different from
Data.Monoid.
Last
. The former simply returns the last value,
so x <> Data.Semigroup.Last Nothing = Data.Semigroup.Last Nothing
.
The latter returns the last non-Nothing
,
thus x <> Data.Monoid.Last Nothing = x
.
Examples
>>>
Last 0 <> Last 10
Last {getLast = 10}
>>>
sconcat $ Last 1 :| [ Last n | n <- [2..]]
Last {getLast = * hangs forever *
Instances
MonadFix Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup | |
Foldable Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fold :: Monoid m => Last m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Last a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Last a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> Last a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Last a -> a # | |
Traversable Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Applicative Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic1 Last | |
Data a => Data (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Last a -> c (Last a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Last a) # toConstr :: Last a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Last a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Last a -> Last a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) # | |
Semigroup (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Enum a => Enum (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup | |
Generic (Last a) | |
Read a => Read (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Show a => Show (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord a => Ord (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
type Rep1 Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup | |
type Rep (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup |
Beware that Data.Semigroup.
First
is different from
Data.Monoid.
First
. The former simply returns the first value,
so Data.Semigroup.First Nothing <> x = Data.Semigroup.First Nothing
.
The latter returns the first non-Nothing
,
thus Data.Monoid.First Nothing <> x = x
.
Examples
>>>
First 0 <> First 10
First 0
>>>
sconcat $ First 1 :| [ First n | n <- [2 ..] ]
First 1
Instances
MonadFix First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup | |
Foldable First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fold :: Monoid m => First m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> First a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> First a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> First a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> First a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> First a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> First a -> a # elem :: Eq a => a -> First a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => First a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => First a -> a # | |
Traversable First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Applicative First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic1 First | |
Data a => Data (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> First a -> c (First a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (First a) # toConstr :: First a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: First a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> First a -> First a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) # | |
Semigroup (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Enum a => Enum (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Generic (First a) | |
Read a => Read (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Show a => Show (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Ord a => Ord (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
type Rep1 First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup | |
type Rep (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup |
An MVar
(pronounced "em-var") is a synchronising variable, used
for communication between concurrent threads. It can be thought of
as a box, which may be empty or full.
class (Typeable e, Show e) => Exception e where #
Any type that you wish to throw or catch as an exception must be an
instance of the Exception
class. The simplest case is a new exception
type directly below the root:
data MyException = ThisException | ThatException deriving Show instance Exception MyException
The default method definitions in the Exception
class do what we need
in this case. You can now throw and catch ThisException
and
ThatException
as exceptions:
*Main> throw ThisException `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MyException)) Caught ThisException
In more complicated examples, you may wish to define a whole hierarchy of exceptions:
--------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Make the root exception type for all the exceptions in a compiler data SomeCompilerException = forall e . Exception e => SomeCompilerException e instance Show SomeCompilerException where show (SomeCompilerException e) = show e instance Exception SomeCompilerException compilerExceptionToException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException compilerExceptionToException = toException . SomeCompilerException compilerExceptionFromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e compilerExceptionFromException x = do SomeCompilerException a <- fromException x cast a --------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Make a subhierarchy for exceptions in the frontend of the compiler data SomeFrontendException = forall e . Exception e => SomeFrontendException e instance Show SomeFrontendException where show (SomeFrontendException e) = show e instance Exception SomeFrontendException where toException = compilerExceptionToException fromException = compilerExceptionFromException frontendExceptionToException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException frontendExceptionToException = toException . SomeFrontendException frontendExceptionFromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e frontendExceptionFromException x = do SomeFrontendException a <- fromException x cast a --------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Make an exception type for a particular frontend compiler exception data MismatchedParentheses = MismatchedParentheses deriving Show instance Exception MismatchedParentheses where toException = frontendExceptionToException fromException = frontendExceptionFromException
We can now catch a MismatchedParentheses
exception as
MismatchedParentheses
, SomeFrontendException
or
SomeCompilerException
, but not other types, e.g. IOException
:
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MismatchedParentheses)) Caught MismatchedParentheses *Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeFrontendException)) Caught MismatchedParentheses *Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeCompilerException)) Caught MismatchedParentheses *Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: IOException)) *** Exception: MismatchedParentheses
Minimal complete definition
Nothing
Methods
toException :: e -> SomeException #
fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe e #
displayException :: e -> String #
Render this exception value in a human-friendly manner.
Default implementation:
.show
Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instances
a value of type STRef s a
is a mutable variable in state thread s
,
containing a value of type a
>>>
:{
runST (do ref <- newSTRef "hello" x <- readSTRef ref writeSTRef ref (x ++ "world") readSTRef ref ) :} "helloworld"
Haskell defines operations to read and write characters from and to files,
represented by values of type Handle
. Each value of this type is a
handle: a record used by the Haskell run-time system to manage I/O
with file system objects. A handle has at least the following properties:
- whether it manages input or output or both;
- whether it is open, closed or semi-closed;
- whether the object is seekable;
- whether buffering is disabled, or enabled on a line or block basis;
- a buffer (whose length may be zero).
Most handles will also have a current I/O position indicating where the next
input or output operation will occur. A handle is readable if it
manages only input or both input and output; likewise, it is writable if
it manages only output or both input and output. A handle is open when
first allocated.
Once it is closed it can no longer be used for either input or output,
though an implementation cannot re-use its storage while references
remain to it. Handles are in the Show
and Eq
classes. The string
produced by showing a handle is system dependent; it should include
enough information to identify the handle for debugging. A handle is
equal according to ==
only to itself; no attempt
is made to compare the internal state of different handles for equality.
Instances
data TextEncoding #
A TextEncoding
is a specification of a conversion scheme
between sequences of bytes and sequences of Unicode characters.
For example, UTF-8 is an encoding of Unicode characters into a sequence
of bytes. The TextEncoding
for UTF-8 is utf8
.
Instances
Show TextEncoding | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Encoding.Types Methods showsPrec :: Int -> TextEncoding -> ShowS # show :: TextEncoding -> String # showList :: [TextEncoding] -> ShowS # |
data ForeignPtr a #
The type ForeignPtr
represents references to objects that are
maintained in a foreign language, i.e., that are not part of the
data structures usually managed by the Haskell storage manager.
The essential difference between ForeignPtr
s and vanilla memory
references of type Ptr a
is that the former may be associated
with finalizers. A finalizer is a routine that is invoked when
the Haskell storage manager detects that - within the Haskell heap
and stack - there are no more references left that are pointing to
the ForeignPtr
. Typically, the finalizer will, then, invoke
routines in the foreign language that free the resources bound by
the foreign object.
The ForeignPtr
is parameterised in the same way as Ptr
. The
type argument of ForeignPtr
should normally be an instance of
class Storable
.
Instances
Data a => Data (ForeignPtr a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> ForeignPtr a -> c (ForeignPtr a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (ForeignPtr a) # toConstr :: ForeignPtr a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: ForeignPtr a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (ForeignPtr a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (ForeignPtr a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ForeignPtr a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ForeignPtr a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ForeignPtr a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ForeignPtr a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ForeignPtr a -> m (ForeignPtr a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ForeignPtr a -> m (ForeignPtr a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ForeignPtr a -> m (ForeignPtr a) # | |
Show (ForeignPtr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.ForeignPtr Methods showsPrec :: Int -> ForeignPtr a -> ShowS # show :: ForeignPtr a -> String # showList :: [ForeignPtr a] -> ShowS # | |
Eq (ForeignPtr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.ForeignPtr | |
Ord (ForeignPtr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.ForeignPtr Methods compare :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> Ordering # (<) :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> Bool # (<=) :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> Bool # (>) :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> Bool # (>=) :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> Bool # max :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a # min :: ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a -> ForeignPtr a # |
type IOError = IOException #
The Haskell 2010 type for exceptions in the IO
monad.
Any I/O operation may raise an IOException
instead of returning a result.
For a more general type of exception, including also those that arise
in pure code, see Exception
.
In Haskell 2010, this is an opaque type.
class Monad m => MonadIO (m :: Type -> Type) where #
Monads in which IO
computations may be embedded.
Any monad built by applying a sequence of monad transformers to the
IO
monad will be an instance of this class.
Instances should satisfy the following laws, which state that liftIO
is a transformer of monads:
Methods
Lift a computation from the IO
monad.
This allows us to run IO computations in any monadic stack, so long as it supports these kinds of operations
(i.e. IO
is the base monad for the stack).
Example
import Control.Monad.Trans.State -- from the "transformers" library printState :: Show s => StateT s IO () printState = do state <- get liftIO $ print state
Had we omitted
, we would have ended up with this error:liftIO
• Couldn't match type ‘IO’ with ‘StateT s IO’ Expected type: StateT s IO () Actual type: IO ()
The important part here is the mismatch between StateT s IO ()
and
.IO
()
Luckily, we know of a function that takes an
and returns an IO
a(m a)
:
,
enabling us to run the program and see the expected results:liftIO
> evalStateT printState "hello" "hello" > evalStateT printState 3 3
Chan
is an abstract type representing an unbounded FIFO channel.
data IOException #
Exceptions that occur in the IO
monad.
An IOException
records a more specific error type, a descriptive
string and maybe the handle that was used when the error was
flagged.
Constructors
IOError | |
Fields
|
Instances
Exception IOException | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception Methods toException :: IOException -> SomeException # fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe IOException # displayException :: IOException -> String # | |
Show IOException | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception Methods showsPrec :: Int -> IOException -> ShowS # show :: IOException -> String # showList :: [IOException] -> ShowS # | |
Eq IOException | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception |
newtype Compose (f :: k -> Type) (g :: k1 -> k) (a :: k1) infixr 9 #
Right-to-left composition of functors. The composition of applicative functors is always applicative, but the composition of monads is not always a monad.
Constructors
Compose infixr 9 | |
Fields
|
Instances
TestEquality f => TestEquality (Compose f g :: k2 -> Type) | The deduction (via generativity) that if Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose | |
Functor f => Generic1 (Compose f g :: k -> Type) | |
(Foldable f, Foldable g) => Foldable (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods fold :: Monoid m => Compose f g m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Compose f g a -> m # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Compose f g a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Compose f g a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Compose f g a -> a # toList :: Compose f g a -> [a] # null :: Compose f g a -> Bool # length :: Compose f g a -> Int # elem :: Eq a => a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Compose f g a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => Compose f g a -> a # | |
(Eq1 f, Eq1 g) => Eq1 (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Ord1 f, Ord1 g) => Ord1 (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose | |
(Read1 f, Read1 g) => Read1 (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods liftReadsPrec :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> Int -> ReadS (Compose f g a) # liftReadList :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> ReadS [Compose f g a] # liftReadPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec (Compose f g a) # liftReadListPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec [Compose f g a] # | |
(Show1 f, Show1 g) => Show1 (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Functor f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (Compose f g) | |
(Traversable f, Traversable g) => Traversable (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose | |
(Alternative f, Applicative g) => Alternative (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Applicative f, Applicative g) => Applicative (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose | |
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Typeable a, Typeable f, Typeable g, Typeable k1, Typeable k2, Data (f (g a))) => Data (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> Compose f g a -> c (Compose f g a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Compose f g a) # toConstr :: Compose f g a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Compose f g a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Compose f g a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Compose f g a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Compose f g a -> r # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Compose f g a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Compose f g a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Compose f g a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # | |
Monoid (f (g a)) => Monoid (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.16.0.0 |
Semigroup (f (g a)) => Semigroup (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.16.0.0 |
Generic (Compose f g a) | |
Read (f (g a)) => Read (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Show (f (g a)) => Show (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Eq (f (g a)) => Eq (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Ord (f (g a)) => Ord (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods compare :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Ordering # (<) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # (<=) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # (>) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # (>=) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # | |
type Rep1 (Compose f g :: k -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose | |
type Rep (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Compose |
data BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar #
The thread is blocked on an MVar
, but there are no other references
to the MVar
so it can't ever continue.
Constructors
BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar |
Instances
Exception BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception | |
Show BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception Methods showsPrec :: Int -> BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar -> ShowS # show :: BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar -> String # showList :: [BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar] -> ShowS # |
The IsList
class and its methods are intended to be used in
conjunction with the OverloadedLists extension.
Since: base-4.7.0.0
Methods
The fromList
function constructs the structure l
from the given
list of Item l
fromListN :: Int -> [Item l] -> l #
The fromListN
function takes the input list's length and potentially
uses it to construct the structure l
more efficiently compared to
fromList
. If the given number does not equal to the input list's length
the behaviour of fromListN
is not specified.
fromListN (length xs) xs == fromList xs
The toList
function extracts a list of Item l
from the structure l
.
It should satisfy fromList . toList = id.
Instances
The Bounded
class is used to name the upper and lower limits of a
type. Ord
is not a superclass of Bounded
since types that are not
totally ordered may also have upper and lower bounds.
The Bounded
class may be derived for any enumeration type;
minBound
is the first constructor listed in the data
declaration
and maxBound
is the last.
Bounded
may also be derived for single-constructor datatypes whose
constituent types are in Bounded
.
Instances
Bounded All | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Any | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded CBool | |
Bounded CChar | |
Bounded CInt | |
Bounded CIntMax | |
Bounded CIntPtr | |
Bounded CLLong | |
Bounded CLong | |
Bounded CPtrdiff | |
Bounded CSChar | |
Bounded CShort | |
Bounded CSigAtomic | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types | |
Bounded CSize | |
Bounded CUChar | |
Bounded CUInt | |
Bounded CUIntMax | |
Bounded CUIntPtr | |
Bounded CULLong | |
Bounded CULong | |
Bounded CUShort | |
Bounded CWchar | |
Bounded IntPtr | |
Bounded WordPtr | |
Bounded Associativity | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
Bounded DecidedStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
Bounded SourceStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
Bounded SourceUnpackedness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics | |
Bounded Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded GeneralCategory | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Unicode | |
Bounded Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded CBlkCnt | |
Bounded CBlkSize | |
Bounded CClockId | |
Bounded CDev | |
Bounded CFsBlkCnt | |
Bounded CFsFilCnt | |
Bounded CGid | |
Bounded CId | |
Bounded CIno | |
Bounded CKey | |
Bounded CMode | |
Bounded CNfds | |
Bounded CNlink | |
Bounded COff | |
Bounded CPid | |
Bounded CRLim | |
Bounded CSocklen | |
Bounded CSsize | |
Bounded CTcflag | |
Bounded CUid | |
Bounded Fd | |
Bounded Ordering | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded () | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Bool | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Char | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded Levity | Since: base-4.16.0.0 |
Bounded VecCount | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
Bounded VecElem | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
Bounded Word | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded a => Bounded (And a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Iff a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Ior a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Xor a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Identity a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Down a) | Swaps Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Max a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Min a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Bounded m => Bounded (WrappedMonoid m) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup | |
Bounded a => Bounded (Dual a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded a => Bounded (a) | |
Bounded (Proxy t) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b) => Bounded (a, b) | Since: base-2.1 |
Bounded a => Bounded (Const a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Applicative f, Bounded a) => Bounded (Ap f a) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
a ~ b => Bounded (a :~: b) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c) => Bounded (a, b, c) | Since: base-2.1 |
a ~~ b => Bounded (a :~~: b) | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d) => Bounded (a, b, c, d) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m, Bounded n) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m, Bounded n, Bounded o) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) | Since: base-2.1 |
Class Enum
defines operations on sequentially ordered types.
The enumFrom
... methods are used in Haskell's translation of
arithmetic sequences.
Instances of Enum
may be derived for any enumeration type (types
whose constructors have no fields). The nullary constructors are
assumed to be numbered left-to-right by fromEnum
from 0
through n-1
.
See Chapter 10 of the Haskell Report for more details.
For any type that is an instance of class Bounded
as well as Enum
,
the following should hold:
- The calls
andsucc
maxBound
should result in a runtime error.pred
minBound
fromEnum
andtoEnum
should give a runtime error if the result value is not representable in the result type. For example,
is an error.toEnum
7 ::Bool
enumFrom
andenumFromThen
should be defined with an implicit bound, thus:
enumFrom x = enumFromTo x maxBound enumFromThen x y = enumFromThenTo x y bound where bound | fromEnum y >= fromEnum x = maxBound | otherwise = minBound
Methods
the successor of a value. For numeric types, succ
adds 1.
the predecessor of a value. For numeric types, pred
subtracts 1.
Convert from an Int
.
Convert to an Int
.
It is implementation-dependent what fromEnum
returns when
applied to a value that is too large to fit in an Int
.
Used in Haskell's translation of [n..]
with [n..] = enumFrom n
,
a possible implementation being enumFrom n = n : enumFrom (succ n)
.
For example:
enumFrom 4 :: [Integer] = [4,5,6,7,...]
enumFrom 6 :: [Int] = [6,7,8,9,...,maxBound :: Int]
enumFromThen :: a -> a -> [a] #
Used in Haskell's translation of [n,n'..]
with [n,n'..] = enumFromThen n n'
, a possible implementation being
enumFromThen n n' = n : n' : worker (f x) (f x n')
,
worker s v = v : worker s (s v)
, x = fromEnum n' - fromEnum n
and
f n y
| n > 0 = f (n - 1) (succ y)
| n < 0 = f (n + 1) (pred y)
| otherwise = y
For example:
enumFromThen 4 6 :: [Integer] = [4,6,8,10...]
enumFromThen 6 2 :: [Int] = [6,2,-2,-6,...,minBound :: Int]
enumFromTo :: a -> a -> [a] #
Used in Haskell's translation of [n..m]
with
[n..m] = enumFromTo n m
, a possible implementation being
enumFromTo n m
| n <= m = n : enumFromTo (succ n) m
| otherwise = []
.
For example:
enumFromTo 6 10 :: [Int] = [6,7,8,9,10]
enumFromTo 42 1 :: [Integer] = []
enumFromThenTo :: a -> a -> a -> [a] #
Used in Haskell's translation of [n,n'..m]
with
[n,n'..m] = enumFromThenTo n n' m
, a possible implementation
being enumFromThenTo n n' m = worker (f x) (c x) n m
,
x = fromEnum n' - fromEnum n
, c x = bool (>=) ((x 0)
f n y
| n > 0 = f (n - 1) (succ y)
| n < 0 = f (n + 1) (pred y)
| otherwise = y
and
worker s c v m
| c v m = v : worker s c (s v) m
| otherwise = []
For example:
enumFromThenTo 4 2 -6 :: [Integer] = [4,2,0,-2,-4,-6]
enumFromThenTo 6 8 2 :: [Int] = []
Instances
The Eq
class defines equality (==
) and inequality (/=
).
All the basic datatypes exported by the Prelude are instances of Eq
,
and Eq
may be derived for any datatype whose constituents are also
instances of Eq
.
The Haskell Report defines no laws for Eq
. However, instances are
encouraged to follow these properties:
Instances
Eq Constr | Equality of constructors Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Eq ConstrRep | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Eq DataRep | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Eq Fixity | Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Eq All | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq Any | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq SomeTypeRep | |
Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal | |
Eq Unique | |
Eq Version | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq CBool | |
Eq CChar | |
Eq CClock | |
Eq CDouble | |
Eq CFloat | |
Eq CInt | |
Eq CIntMax | |
Eq CIntPtr | |
Eq CLLong | |
Eq CLong | |
Eq CPtrdiff | |
Eq CSChar | |
Eq CSUSeconds | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types | |
Eq CShort | |
Eq CSigAtomic | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types | |
Eq CSize | |
Eq CTime | |
Eq CUChar | |
Eq CUInt | |
Eq CUIntMax | |
Eq CUIntPtr | |
Eq CULLong | |
Eq CULong | |
Eq CUSeconds | |
Eq CUShort | |
Eq CWchar | |
Eq IntPtr | |
Eq WordPtr | |
Eq Void | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Eq BlockReason | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Conc.Sync | |
Eq ThreadId | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Eq ThreadStatus | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Conc.Sync | |
Eq ErrorCall | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq ArithException | Since: base-3.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exception.Type Methods (==) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # (/=) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # | |
Eq SpecConstrAnnotation | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exts Methods (==) :: SpecConstrAnnotation -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> Bool # (/=) :: SpecConstrAnnotation -> SpecConstrAnnotation -> Bool # | |
Eq Fingerprint | Since: base-4.4.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Fingerprint.Type | |
Eq Associativity | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (==) :: Associativity -> Associativity -> Bool # (/=) :: Associativity -> Associativity -> Bool # | |
Eq DecidedStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (==) :: DecidedStrictness -> DecidedStrictness -> Bool # (/=) :: DecidedStrictness -> DecidedStrictness -> Bool # | |
Eq Fixity | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Eq SourceStrictness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (==) :: SourceStrictness -> SourceStrictness -> Bool # (/=) :: SourceStrictness -> SourceStrictness -> Bool # | |
Eq SourceUnpackedness | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (==) :: SourceUnpackedness -> SourceUnpackedness -> Bool # (/=) :: SourceUnpackedness -> SourceUnpackedness -> Bool # | |
Eq MaskingState | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO | |
Eq IODeviceType | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Device | |
Eq SeekMode | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Eq CodingProgress | Since: base-4.4.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Encoding.Types Methods (==) :: CodingProgress -> CodingProgress -> Bool # (/=) :: CodingProgress -> CodingProgress -> Bool # | |
Eq ArrayException | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception Methods (==) :: ArrayException -> ArrayException -> Bool # (/=) :: ArrayException -> ArrayException -> Bool # | |
Eq AsyncException | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception Methods (==) :: AsyncException -> AsyncException -> Bool # (/=) :: AsyncException -> AsyncException -> Bool # | |
Eq ExitCode | |
Eq IOErrorType | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception | |
Eq IOException | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Exception | |
Eq HandlePosn | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Handle | |
Eq BufferMode | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types | |
Eq Handle | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Eq Newline | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Eq NewlineMode | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types | |
Eq IOMode | Since: base-4.2.0.0 |
Eq Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq SrcLoc | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq GeneralCategory | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.Unicode Methods (==) :: GeneralCategory -> GeneralCategory -> Bool # (/=) :: GeneralCategory -> GeneralCategory -> Bool # | |
Eq Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq CBlkCnt | |
Eq CBlkSize | |
Eq CCc | |
Eq CClockId | |
Eq CDev | |
Eq CFsBlkCnt | |
Eq CFsFilCnt | |
Eq CGid | |
Eq CId | |
Eq CIno | |
Eq CKey | |
Eq CMode | |
Eq CNfds | |
Eq CNlink | |
Eq COff | |
Eq CPid | |
Eq CRLim | |
Eq CSocklen | |
Eq CSpeed | |
Eq CSsize | |
Eq CTcflag | |
Eq CTimer | |
Eq CUid | |
Eq Fd | |
Eq Timeout | |
Eq Module | |
Eq Ordering | |
Eq TrName | |
Eq TyCon | |
Eq Integer | |
Eq Natural | |
Eq () | |
Eq Bool | |
Eq Char | |
Eq Double | Note that due to the presence of
Also note that
|
Eq Float | Note that due to the presence of
Also note that
|
Eq Int | |
Eq Word | |
Eq a => Eq (ZipList a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq (Chan a) | Since: base-4.4.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (And a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Eq a => Eq (Iff a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Eq a => Eq (Ior a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Eq a => Eq (Xor a) | Since: base-4.16 |
Eq a => Eq (Complex a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Identity a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (First a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Last a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Down a) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (First a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (Last a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (Max a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (Min a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq m => Eq (WrappedMonoid m) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods (==) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool # (/=) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool # | |
Eq a => Eq (Dual a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Product a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Sum a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (NonEmpty a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (TVar a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Eq (ForeignPtr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.ForeignPtr | |
Eq p => Eq (Par1 p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq (IORef a) | Pointer equality. Since: base-4.0.0.0 |
Eq (MVar a) | Since: base-4.1.0.0 |
Eq (FunPtr a) | |
Eq (Ptr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (Ratio a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq (StablePtr a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq (StableName a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in GHC.StableName | |
Eq a => Eq (Maybe a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq a => Eq (a) | |
Eq a => Eq [a] | |
(Eq a, Eq b) => Eq (Either a b) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq (Fixed a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq (Proxy s) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq a => Eq (Arg a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (TypeRep a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Eq (U1 p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (V1 p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (STRef s a) | Pointer equality. Since: base-2.1 |
(Eq a, Eq b) => Eq (a, b) | |
Eq a => Eq (Const a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (f a) => Eq (Ap f a) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
Eq (f a) => Eq (Alt f a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Eq (a :~: b) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Generic1 f, Eq (Rep1 f a)) => Eq (Generically1 f a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (==) :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f a -> Bool # (/=) :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f a -> Bool # | |
Eq (f p) => Eq (Rec1 f p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq (URec (Ptr ()) p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (URec Char p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (URec Double p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (URec Float p) | |
Eq (URec Int p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Eq (URec Word p) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c) => Eq (a, b, c) | |
(Eq (f a), Eq (g a)) => Eq (Product f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
(Eq (f a), Eq (g a)) => Eq (Sum f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Eq (a :~~: b) | Since: base-4.10.0.0 |
(Eq (f p), Eq (g p)) => Eq ((f :*: g) p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Eq (f p), Eq (g p)) => Eq ((f :+: g) p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq c => Eq (K1 i c p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d) => Eq (a, b, c, d) | |
Eq (f (g a)) => Eq (Compose f g a) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Eq (f (g p)) => Eq ((f :.: g) p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Eq (f p) => Eq (M1 i c f p) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l, Eq m) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l, Eq m, Eq n) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) | |
(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l, Eq m, Eq n, Eq o) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) | |
class Fractional a => Floating a where #
Trigonometric and hyperbolic functions and related functions.
The Haskell Report defines no laws for Floating
. However, (
, +
)(
and *
)exp
are customarily expected to define an exponential field and have
the following properties:
exp (a + b)
=exp a * exp b
exp (fromInteger 0)
=fromInteger 1
Minimal complete definition
pi, exp, log, sin, cos, asin, acos, atan, sinh, cosh, asinh, acosh, atanh
Methods
(**) :: a -> a -> a infixr 8 #
computes log1p
x
, but provides more precise
results for small (absolute) values of log
(1 + x)x
if possible.
Since: base-4.9.0.0
computes expm1
x
, but provides more precise
results for small (absolute) values of exp
x - 1x
if possible.
Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instances
class Num a => Fractional a where #
Fractional numbers, supporting real division.
The Haskell Report defines no laws for Fractional
. However, (
and
+
)(
are customarily expected to define a division ring and have the
following properties:*
)
recip
gives the multiplicative inversex * recip x
=recip x * x
=fromInteger 1
- Totality of
toRational
toRational
is total- Coherence with
toRational
- if the type also implements
Real
, thenfromRational
is a left inverse fortoRational
, i.e.fromRational (toRational i) = i
Note that it isn't customarily expected that a type instance of
Fractional
implement a field. However, all instances in base
do.
Minimal complete definition
fromRational, (recip | (/))
Methods
Fractional division.
Reciprocal fraction.
fromRational :: Rational -> a #
Conversion from a Rational
(that is
).
A floating literal stands for an application of Ratio
Integer
fromRational
to a value of type Rational
, so such literals have type
(
.Fractional
a) => a
Instances
Fractional CDouble | |
Fractional CFloat | |
RealFloat a => Fractional (Complex a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Fractional a => Fractional (Identity a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Fractional a => Fractional (Down a) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Integral a => Fractional (Ratio a) | Since: base-2.0.1 |
HasResolution a => Fractional (Fixed a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Fractional a => Fractional (Op a b) | |
Fractional a => Fractional (Const a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
class Applicative m => Monad (m :: Type -> Type) where #
The Monad
class defines the basic operations over a monad,
a concept from a branch of mathematics known as category theory.
From the perspective of a Haskell programmer, however, it is best to
think of a monad as an abstract datatype of actions.
Haskell's do
expressions provide a convenient syntax for writing
monadic expressions.
Instances of Monad
should satisfy the following:
- Left identity
return
a>>=
k = k a- Right identity
m
>>=
return
= m- Associativity
m
>>=
(\x -> k x>>=
h) = (m>>=
k)>>=
h
Furthermore, the Monad
and Applicative
operations should relate as follows:
The above laws imply:
and that pure
and (<*>
) satisfy the applicative functor laws.
The instances of Monad
for lists, Maybe
and IO
defined in the Prelude satisfy these laws.
Minimal complete definition
Methods
(>>=) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b infixl 1 #
Sequentially compose two actions, passing any value produced by the first as an argument to the second.
'as
' can be understood as the >>=
bsdo
expression
do a <- as bs a
(>>) :: m a -> m b -> m b infixl 1 #
Sequentially compose two actions, discarding any value produced by the first, like sequencing operators (such as the semicolon) in imperative languages.
'as
' can be understood as the >>
bsdo
expression
do as bs
Inject a value into the monadic type.
Instances
Monad Complex | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad Identity | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad First | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad Last | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad Down | Since: base-4.11.0.0 |
Monad First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad Max | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad Min | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad Dual | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad NonEmpty | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad STM | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Monad Par1 | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad P | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad ReadP | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad ReadPrec | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad IO | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad Solo | Since: base-4.15 |
Monad List | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad m => Monad (WrappedMonad m) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Applicative Methods (>>=) :: WrappedMonad m a -> (a -> WrappedMonad m b) -> WrappedMonad m b # (>>) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m b # return :: a -> WrappedMonad m a # | |
ArrowApply a => Monad (ArrowMonad a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Control.Arrow Methods (>>=) :: ArrowMonad a a0 -> (a0 -> ArrowMonad a b) -> ArrowMonad a b # (>>) :: ArrowMonad a a0 -> ArrowMonad a b -> ArrowMonad a b # return :: a0 -> ArrowMonad a a0 # | |
Monad (Either e) | Since: base-4.4.0.0 |
Monad (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Monad (U1 :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad (ST s) | Since: base-2.1 |
Monoid a => Monad ((,) a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Monad m => Monad (Kleisli m a) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Monad f => Monad (Ap f) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
Monad f => Monad (Alt f) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Monad f => Monad (Rec1 f) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Monoid a, Monoid b) => Monad ((,,) a b) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
(Monad f, Monad g) => Monad (Product f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Monad f, Monad g) => Monad (f :*: g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c) => Monad ((,,,) a b c) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Monad ((->) r) | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad f => Monad (M1 i c f) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
class Functor (f :: Type -> Type) where #
A type f
is a Functor if it provides a function fmap
which, given any types a
and b
lets you apply any function from (a -> b)
to turn an f a
into an f b
, preserving the
structure of f
. Furthermore f
needs to adhere to the following:
Note, that the second law follows from the free theorem of the type fmap
and
the first law, so you need only check that the former condition holds.
See https://www.schoolofhaskell.com/user/edwardk/snippets/fmap or
https://github.com/quchen/articles/blob/master/second_functor_law.md
for an explanation.
Minimal complete definition
Methods
fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b #
fmap
is used to apply a function of type (a -> b)
to a value of type f a
,
where f is a functor, to produce a value of type f b
.
Note that for any type constructor with more than one parameter (e.g., Either
),
only the last type parameter can be modified with fmap
(e.g., b
in `Either a b`).
Some type constructors with two parameters or more have a
instance that allows
both the last and the penultimate parameters to be mapped over.Bifunctor
Examples
Convert from a
to a Maybe
IntMaybe String
using show
:
>>>
fmap show Nothing
Nothing>>>
fmap show (Just 3)
Just "3"
Convert from an
to an
Either
Int IntEither Int String
using show
:
>>>
fmap show (Left 17)
Left 17>>>
fmap show (Right 17)
Right "17"
Double each element of a list:
>>>
fmap (*2) [1,2,3]
[2,4,6]
Apply even
to the second element of a pair:
>>>
fmap even (2,2)
(2,True)
It may seem surprising that the function is only applied to the last element of the tuple
compared to the list example above which applies it to every element in the list.
To understand, remember that tuples are type constructors with multiple type parameters:
a tuple of 3 elements (a,b,c)
can also be written (,,) a b c
and its Functor
instance
is defined for Functor ((,,) a b)
(i.e., only the third parameter is free to be mapped over
with fmap
).
It explains why fmap
can be used with tuples containing values of different types as in the
following example:
>>>
fmap even ("hello", 1.0, 4)
("hello",1.0,True)
Instances
Functor ZipList | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor Handler | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Functor Complex | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor Identity | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor First | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor Last | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor Down | Since: base-4.11.0.0 |
Functor First | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor Last | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor Max | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor Min | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor Dual | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor Product | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor Sum | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Functor NonEmpty | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor STM | Since: base-4.3.0.0 |
Functor Par1 | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor P | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP | |
Functor ReadP | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor ReadPrec | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor IO | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor Maybe | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor Solo | Since: base-4.15 |
Functor List | Since: base-2.1 |
Monad m => Functor (WrappedMonad m) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Control.Applicative Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b # (<$) :: a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m a # | |
Arrow a => Functor (ArrowMonad a) | Since: base-4.6.0.0 |
Defined in Control.Arrow Methods fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> ArrowMonad a a0 -> ArrowMonad a b # (<$) :: a0 -> ArrowMonad a b -> ArrowMonad a a0 # | |
Functor (Either a) | Since: base-3.0 |
Functor (Proxy :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Functor (Arg a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (U1 :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (V1 :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (ST s) | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor ((,) a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Arrow a => Functor (WrappedArrow a b) | Since: base-2.1 |
Defined in Control.Applicative Methods fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 # (<$) :: a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 # | |
Functor m => Functor (Kleisli m a) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Functor (Const m :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-2.1 |
Functor f => Functor (Ap f) | Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
Functor f => Functor (Alt f) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
(Generic1 f, Functor (Rep1 f)) => Functor (Generically1 f) | Since: base-4.17.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f b # (<$) :: a -> Generically1 f b -> Generically1 f a # | |
Functor f => Functor (Rec1 f) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec (Ptr ()) :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec Char :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec Double :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec Float :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec Int :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (URec Word :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor ((,,) a b) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Product f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Sum f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :*: g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :+: g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor (K1 i c :: Type -> Type) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor ((,,,) a b c) | Since: base-4.14.0.0 |
Functor ((->) r) | Since: base-2.1 |
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Compose f g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :.: g) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor f => Functor (M1 i c f) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Functor ((,,,,) a b c d) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Functor ((,,,,,) a b c d e) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Functor ((,,,,,,) a b c d e f) | Since: base-4.18.0.0 |
Basic numeric class.
The Haskell Report defines no laws for Num
. However, (
and +
)(
are
customarily expected to define a ring and have the following properties:*
)
- Associativity of
(
+
) (x + y) + z
=x + (y + z)
- Commutativity of
(
+
) x + y
=y + x
is the additive identityfromInteger
0x + fromInteger 0
=x
negate
gives the additive inversex + negate x
=fromInteger 0
- Associativity of
(
*
) (x * y) * z
=x * (y * z)
is the multiplicative identityfromInteger
1x * fromInteger 1
=x
andfromInteger 1 * x
=x
- Distributivity of
(
with respect to*
)(
+
) a * (b + c)
=(a * b) + (a * c)
and(b + c) * a
=(b * a) + (c * a)
- Coherence with
toInteger
- if the type also implements
Integral
, thenfromInteger
is a left inverse fortoInteger
, i.e.fromInteger (toInteger i) == i
Note that it isn't customarily expected that a type instance of both Num
and Ord
implement an ordered ring. Indeed, in base
only Integer
and
Rational
do.
Methods
Unary negation.
Absolute value.
Sign of a number.
The functions abs
and signum
should satisfy the law:
abs x * signum x == x
For real numbers, the signum
is either -1
(negative), 0
(zero)
or 1
(positive).
fromInteger :: Integer -> a #
Conversion from an Integer
.
An integer literal represents the application of the function
fromInteger
to the appropriate value of type Integer
,
so such literals have type (
.Num
a) => a
Instances
Num CBool | |
Num CChar | |
Num CClock | |
Num CDouble | |
Num CFloat | |
Num CInt | |
Num CIntMax | |
Num CIntPtr | |
Num CLLong | |
Num CLong | |
Num CPtrdiff | |
Num CSChar | |
Num CSUSeconds | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types Methods (+) :: CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds # (-) :: CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds # (*) :: CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds # negate :: CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds # abs :: CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds # signum :: CSUSeconds -> CSUSeconds # fromInteger :: Integer -> CSUSeconds # | |
Num CShort | |
Num CSigAtomic | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types Methods (+) :: CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic # (-) :: CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic # (*) :: CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic # negate :: CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic # abs :: CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic # signum :: CSigAtomic -> CSigAtomic # fromInteger :: Integer -> CSigAtomic # | |
Num CSize | |
Num CTime | |
Num CUChar | |
Num CUInt | |
Num CUIntMax | |
Num CUIntPtr | |
Num CULLong | |
Num CULong | |
Num CUSeconds | |
Defined in Foreign.C.Types | |
Num CUShort | |
Num CWchar | |
Num IntPtr | |
Num WordPtr | |
Num Int16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Int8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word16 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word32 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word64 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word8 | Since: base-2.1 |
Num CBlkCnt | |
Num CBlkSize | |
Num CCc | |
Num CClockId | |
Num CDev | |
Num CFsBlkCnt | |
Defined in System.Posix.Types | |
Num CFsFilCnt | |
Defined in System.Posix.Types | |
Num CGid | |
Num CId | |
Num CIno | |
Num CKey | |
Num CMode | |
Num CNfds | |
Num CNlink | |
Num COff | |
Num CPid | |
Num CRLim | |
Num CSocklen | |
Num CSpeed | |
Num CSsize | |
Num CTcflag | |
Num CUid | |
Num Fd | |
Num Integer | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Natural | Note that Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
Num Int | Since: base-2.1 |
Num Word | Since: base-2.1 |
RealFloat a => Num (Complex a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Num a => Num (Identity a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Identity | |
Num a => Num (Down a) | Since: base-4.11.0.0 |
Num a => Num (Max a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Num a => Num (Min a) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Num a => Num (Product a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal | |
Num a => Num (Sum a) | Since: base-4.7.0.0 |
Integral a => Num (Ratio a) | Since: base-2.0.1 |
HasResolution a => Num (Fixed a) | Since: base-2.1 |
Num a => Num (Op a b) | |
Num a => Num (Const a b) | Since: base-4.9.0.0 |
Defined in Data.Functor.Const | |
(Applicative f, Num a) => Num (Ap f a) | Note that even if the underlying Commutativity:
Additive inverse:
Distributivity:
Since: base-4.12.0.0 |
Num (f a) => Num (Alt f a) | Since: base-4.8.0.0 |
The Ord
class is used for totally ordered datatypes.
Instances of Ord
can be derived for any user-defined datatype whose
constituent types are in Ord
. The declared order of the constructors in
the data declaration determines the ordering in derived Ord
instances. The
Ordering
datatype allows a single comparison to determine the precise
ordering of two objects.
Ord
, as defined by the Haskell report, implements a total order and has the
following properties:
- Comparability
x <= y || y <= x
=True
- Transitivity
- if
x <= y && y <= z
=True
, thenx <= z
=True
- Reflexivity
x <= x
=True
- Antisymmetry
- if
x <= y && y <= x
=True
, thenx == y
=True
The following operator interactions are expected to hold:
x >= y
=y <= x
x < y
=x <= y && x /= y
x > y
=y < x
x < y
=compare x y == LT
x > y
=compare x y == GT
x == y
=compare x y == EQ
min x y == if x <= y then x else y
=True
max x y == if x >= y then x else y
=True
Note that (7.) and (8.) do not require min
and max
to return either of
their arguments. The result is merely required to equal one of the
arguments in terms of (==)
.
Minimal complete definition: either compare
or <=
.
Using compare
can be more efficient for complex types.
Methods
compare :: a -> a -> Ordering #
(<) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #
(<=) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #
(>) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #